Judge: Alison Mackenzie, Case: 24STCV12665, Date: 2024-11-19 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 24STCV12665    Hearing Date: November 19, 2024    Dept: 55

NATURE OF PROCEEDINGS: Hearing on Plaintiff's Motions to Set Aside/Vacate Default

 

Plaintiff's Motion to Set Aside/Vacate Default against Valdez and Kean is granted.

The Motion to Set Aside/Vacate Default against NexGen and Service is vacated as moot.

                                                                                

BACKGROUND

Plaintiff Veronica Roberson filed this action against Ismael Valdez, Ben Kean, NexGen Air Conditioning & Heating (“NexGen”), and Service Finance Company, LLC (“Service”) (collectively “Defendants”), alleging breach of contract to install a new HVAC system.

On October 4, 2024, a default was entered against Valdez and Kean.

On October 17, 2024, a default was filed against NexGen and Service, but rejected by the Clerk’s office on October 28, 2024.

On October 25, 2024, Plaintiff filed two motions to set aside and vacate the previously entered defaults. Defendants do not oppose the motions. The motion to set aside and vacate the defaults against NexGen and Service is vacated as moot because the requests for default were rejected by the Clerk’s office and thus default has not been entered against those defendants. The motion to set aside and vacate the defaults against Valdez and Kean is advanced to November 19, 2024 and addressed in this tentative.

 

LEGAL STANDARD

Per Code of Civil Procedure section 473, subdivision (b), a court may “relieve a party or his or her legal representative from a judgment, dismissal, order, or other proceeding taken against him or her through his or her mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.” In addition, a court must vacate a default or dismissal when a motion for relief under Section 473, subdivision (b) is filed timely and accompanied by an attorney's sworn affidavit attesting to the attorney's mistake, inadvertence, surprise or neglect “unless the court finds that the default or dismissal was not in fact caused by the attorney's mistake, inadvertence, surprise or neglect.” Code Civ. Proc., § 473, subd. (b).

The party or the legal representative must seek such relief “within a reasonable time, in no case exceeding six months, after the judgment, dismissal, order, or proceeding was taken.” Code Civ. Proc., § 473, subd. (b); see Rappleyea v. Campbell (1994) 8 Cal.4th 975, 980 (“because more than six months had elapsed from the entry of default, and hence relief under section 473 was unavailable”).

Additionally, even where relief is not authorized by statute, “a trial court generally retains its inherent power to vacate orders on equitable grounds where a party establishes that the judgment or order was void for lack of due process or resulted from extrinsic fraud or mistake.” County of San Diego v. Gorham (2010) 186 Cal.App.4th 1215, 1228-1229 (citations omitted).

 

ANALYSIS

Preliminarily, Plaintiff's motion is timely because Plaintiff filed the motion less than six months after the entries of default.

Plaintiff submits that she erroneously sought entry of default against Valdez and Kean because her attorney failed to calendar the extension he granted Defendant’s counsel to file a responsive pleading by November 25, 2024. Motion at p. 2, Declaration of Gary Sanders at p. 5.

This motion is unusual in that it is Plaintiff rather than Defendants seeking relief from judgment. The plain language of section 473 subdivision (b) permits relief only from “judgment, dismissal, order, or other proceeding taken against [a party] through his or her mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.” Likewise, where the attorney’s mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or neglect was the cause of default, the court must “vacate any … resulting default entered by the clerk against his or her client. Code Civ. Proc., § 473, subd. (b). Here, the party against whom the default was entered is not the party whose mistake resulted in default.

Notwithstanding these apparent limitations of section 473, subdivision (b), the Court exercises its inherent equitable power to void the entries of default for lack of due process. Accordingly, Plaintiff’s motion to set aside/vacate the defaults entered against Valdez and Kean is granted.

 

CONCLUSION

Plaintiff's Motion to Set Aside/Vacate Default against Valdez and Kean is granted.