Judge: Anne Hwang, Case: 20STCV35034, Date: 2023-10-26 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 20STCV35034    Hearing Date: March 11, 2024    Dept: 32

PLEASE NOTE:   Parties are encouraged to meet and confer concerning this tentative ruling to determine if a resolution may be reached.  If the parties are unable to reach a resolution and a party intends to submit on this tentative ruling, the party must send an email to the Court at sscdept32@lacourt.org indicating that party’s intention to submit.  The email shall include the case number, date and time of the hearing, counsel’s contact information (if applicable), and the identity of the party submitting on this tentative ruling.  If the Court does not receive an email indicating the parties are submitting on this tentative ruling and there are no appearances at the hearing, the Court may place the motion off calendar or adopt the tentative ruling as the order of the Court.  If all parties do not submit on this tentative ruling, they should arrange to appear in-person or remotely.  Further, after the Court has posted/issued a tentative ruling, the Court has the inherent authority to prohibit the withdrawal of the subject motion and adopt the tentative ruling as the order of the Court. 

TENTATIVE RULING

BACKGROUND

Plaintiff Joshua Messler (“Plaintiff”) moves for terminating sanctions against Defendants Ara Karapetian and Narine Petrossian (“Defendants”) for failure to comply with the Court’s November 21, 2023 discovery order. No opposition has been filed.

LEGAL STANDARD

“To the extent authorized by the chapter governing any particular discovery method or any other provision of this title, the court, after notice to any affected party, person, or attorney, and after opportunity for hearing, may impose…sanctions against anyone engaging in conduct that is a misuse of the discovery process.” (Code Civ. Proc. section 2023.030.) The court may impose a terminating sanction for misuse of the discovery process by any of the following: “(1) An order striking out the pleadings or parts of the pleadings of any party engaging in the misuse of the discovery process; (2) An order staying further proceedings by that party until an order for discovery is obeyed; (3) An order dismissing the action, or any part of the action, of that party; (4) An order rendering a judgment by default against that party.” (Code Civ. Proc. § 2023.030(d).)  Failing to respond or to submit to an authorized method of discovery, or disobeying a court order to provide discovery, constitutes a misuse of the discovery process. (Code Civ. Proc., § 2023.010, subd. (d), (g).)

“The trial court may order a terminating sanction for discovery abuse ‘after considering the totality of the circumstances: [the] conduct of the party to determine if the actions were willful; the detriment to the propounding party; and the number of formal and informal attempts to obtain the discovery.’” (Los Defensores, Inc. v. Gomez (2014) 223 Cal. App. 4th 377, 390, quoting Lang v. Hochman (2000) 77 Cal. App. 4th 1225, 1246.)  

“Generally, ‘[a] decision to order terminating sanctions should not be made lightly.  But where a violation is willful, preceded by a history of abuse, and the evidence shows that less severe sanctions would not produce compliance with the discovery rules, the trial court is justified in imposing the ultimate sanction.’” (Los Defensores, supra, 223 Cal. App. 4th at p. 390 [citation omitted].)   

“Under this standard, trial courts have properly imposed terminating sanctions when parties have willfully disobeyed one or more discovery orders.” (Los Defensores, supra, 223 Cal.App.4th at p. 390 citing Lang, supra, 77 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1244-1246 [discussing cases]; see, e.g., Collisson & Kaplan v. Hartunian (1994) 21 Cal.App.4th 1611, 1617-1622 [terminating sanctions imposed (by striking the defendant’s Answer and subsequently granting default judgment) after defendants failed to comply with one court order to produce discovery]; Laguna Auto Body v. Farmers Ins. Exchange (1991) 231 Cal.App.3d 481, 491, disapproved on other grounds in Garcia v. McCutchen (1997) 16 Cal.4th 469, 478, n. 4 [terminating sanctions imposed against the plaintiff for failing to comply with a discovery order and for violating various discovery statutes].) 

DISCUSSION

In this case, default judgment was initially entered against Defendants Gor Karapetian, Ara Karapetian, and Narine Karapetian on March 9, 2022. Then, the Court granted Defendants Ara Karapetian and Narine Petrossian’s (“Defendants”) motion to set aside the default judgment. (Min. Order, 4/12/23.) Defendants filed their answer on June 27, 2023.

On June 27, 2023, Plaintiff served Defendants with Form Interrogatories, Set One, Special Interrogatories, Set One, and Request for Production, Set One. On November 21, 2023, the Court granted Defendants’ counsel’s motions to be relieved as counsel. Defendants have not appeared with new counsel and therefore remain self-represented.

On November 21, 2023, the Court granted Plaintiff’s unopposed motion to compel Defendants’ late discovery responses. Defendants did not appear at the hearing. The Court ordered Defendants to provide verified responses, without objection, within 30 days and imposed monetary sanctions. (Min. Order, 11/21/23.)

Plaintiff asserts that Defendants have not served any responses, in violation of the Court’s discovery order. (Beckerman Decl. ¶ 5.)

The Court finds that Defendants have not complied with the November 21, 2023 order. Prior to the Court relieving counsel, Defendants failed to maintain contact with their counsel.[1] After the Court relieved counsel, Defendants have made no contact with the Court and have not participated in the case in any way. Notice of this motion was mailed to the address provided in the order relieving Defendants’ counsel.  Accordingly, the Court grants the motion.

CONCLUSION

Therefore, Plaintiff’s motion for terminating sanctions is GRANTED. Defendants’ answer, filed on June 27, 2023 is stricken and the default judgment entered on March 9, 2022, is reinstated.

Defendant shall provide notice of the Court’s ruling and file a proof of service of such.