Judge: Armen Tamzarian, Case: 22STCV09201, Date: 2024-12-13 Tentative Ruling

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Case Number: 22STCV09201    Hearing Date: December 13, 2024    Dept: 52

Defendant Megna T Shirt Manufacturing Company, Inc.’s Motion for Attorneys’ Fees on Appeal

Defendant Megna T Shirt Manufacturing Company, Inc. moves for $57,675 in attorney fees incurred on appeal.  It is undisputed that the parties’ lease agreement provides for attorney fees to the prevailing party and that defendant prevailed on the appeal by plaintiff/appellant T-A Fashion (USA), LLC. 

            In determining what constitutes a reasonable fee, the court ordinarily begins with the lodestar, that is, “the number of hours reasonably expended multiplied by the reasonable hourly rate.” (PLCM Group v. Drexler (2000) 22 Cal.4th 1084, 1095.) 

For attorney Ben Gharagozli, defendant incurred 49.0 hours of fees at $500 hourly.  (Gharagozli Decl., ¶¶ 4, 11.)  For attorney Kevin Hermansen, defendant incurred 27.9 hours of fees at $500 hourly.  (Hermansen Decl., ¶¶ 7, 20.)

Hours

In calculating the lodestar, the court must determine whether the tasks performed by an attorney were necessary and whether the amount of time billed for each task was reasonable.  (Baxter v. Bock (2016) 247 Cal.App.4th 775, 793.)  The moving party has the burden of proof on these issues.  (Ibid.)  “Reasonable compensation does not include compensation for padding in the form of inefficient or duplicative efforts.”  (Morris v. Hyundai Motor America (2019) 41 Cal.App.5th 24, 38.)  “In challenging attorney fees as excessive because too many hours of work are claimed, it is the burden of the challenging party to point to the specific items challenged, with a sufficient argument and citations to the evidence.  General arguments that fees claimed are excessive, duplicative, or unrelated do not suffice.”  (Premier Medical Management Systems, Inc v. California Ins. Guarantee Assn. (2008) 163 Cal.App.4th 550, 564.) 

Nearly all hours of work claimed were reasonable and necessary.  A total of 76.9 hours worked from November 2022 to December 2024 on an appeal demonstrates substantial efficiency. 

Hermansen billed excessive time communicating with the court reporter and staff at the Court of Appeal.  His work from December 9, 2022, to August 9, 2023, includes several tasks that did not warrant using an attorney with 15 years of experience who charges $500 hourly.  Hermansen billed 1.1 hours on May 2, 2023, to call the Court of Appeal filing room and travel to the filing room to ask about providing a transcript.  (Hermansen Decl., ¶ 20.)  On June 4, 2023, Hermansen billed another 0.2 hours for a similar task, plus 0.6 hours communicating with the court reporter and her office.  He then billed a total of 0.8 hours to communicate with the court reporter from June 23 to August 15, 2023.  Though this work was necessary, it could have been done by a legal assistant or paralegal.  For these 2.7 hours of work, the court will therefore award Hermansen a rate of $200 per hour.

The court finds all 49 hours billed by Gharagozli were reasonable and necessary.  Plaintiff contends the 5.9 hours billed for reviewing and researching authority cited in the appellant’s opening brief was excessive or duplicative.  The court finds insufficient evidence to reach that conclusion.  Reviewing the appellant’s brief and researching authority cited therein while preparing the respondent’s brief is an important and sometimes complex task.  Plaintiff also argues Gharagozli spent an excessive 15.5 hours preparing for oral argument after reviewing the favorable tentative ruling on July 11, 2024.  Despite a favorable tentative ruling, it was prudent to thoroughly prepare for oral argument.  Moreover, those 15.5 hours include the time traveling to and attending the oral argument on July 17, 2024, which was necessary.

Hourly Rates

Defendant’s counsel’s hourly rates of $500 for both Gharagozli and Hermansen are reasonable.  For hourly rates, “the trial court is in the best position to value the services rendered by the attorneys.” (569 East County Boulevard LLC v. Backcountry Against the Dump, Inc. (2016) 6 Cal.App.5th 426, 436.)  Ben Gharagozli has practiced law since 2010 and has worked on at least three successful appeals in unlawful detainer cases.  (Gharagozli Decl., ¶¶ 3-7.)  Kevin Hermansen has practiced law since 2009 and has substantial experience in unlawful detainer cases and other civil actions.  (Hermansen Decl., ¶¶ 3-7.)  The rate of $500 hourly represents the reasonable market value of services by Gharagozli and Hermansen.

            But, as discussed above, Hermansen billed 2.7 hours for tasks that could have been done by someone with less experience and skill and a lower hourly rate.  The court will award Hermansen 25.2 hours at $500 hourly and 2.7 hours at $200 hourly.  After this reduction, defendant’s lodestar totals $37,640 (49 hours x $500 hourly + 25.2 hours x $500 hourly + 2.7 hours x $200 hourly).

Lodestar Enhancement

Defendant moves for a 1.5 enhancement to the lodestar.  Multipliers may be awarded based on factors including “(1) the novelty and difficulty of the questions involved, (2) the skill displayed in presenting them, (3) the extent to which the nature of the litigation precluded other employment by the attorneys, (4) the contingent nature of the fee award.”  (Ketchum v. Moses (2001) 24 Cal.4th 1122, 1132 (Ketchum).) 

After considering all relevant factors, the court exercises its discretion to award a 1.2 enhancement to defendant’s lodestar.  The contingent nature of the award justifies an enhancement.  “[T]he purpose of a fee enhancement is primarily to compensate the attorney for the prevailing party at a rate reflecting the risk of nonpayment in contingency cases as a class.”  (Ketchum, supra, 24 Cal.4th at p. 1138.)  Defendant’s counsel worked on the appeal on contingency and had to advance the costs incurred.  (Hermansen Decl., ¶ 22; Gharagozli Decl., ¶ 13.)  Defendant’s counsel’s work was skillful and successful. 

On the other hand, the appeal did not involve novel or difficult questions and did not substantially preclude other work by defendant’s counsel.  Over two years, they spent a total of 76.9 hours on the appeal.  They had ample time to work on other cases.  Defendant’s counsel argue the delay in payment justifies an enhancement.  But hardly any of their 76.9 hours of work was done before March of this year.  The delay is minimal.  Finally, defendant’s counsel argue their civility and opposing counsel’s lack of civility warrants a multiplier.  The 1.2 multiplier adequately accounts for this factor.

After a 1.2 multiplier to the lodestar of $37,640, defendant may recover a total of $45,168 in attorney fees.

Disposition

            Defendant Megna T Shirt Manufacturing Company, Inc.’s motion for attorney fees on appeal is granted in part.

Defendant Megna T Shirt Manufacturing Company, Inc. shall recover $45,168 in appellate attorney fees from plaintiff T-A Fashion (USA), LLC.