Judge: Armen Tamzarian, Case: 24STCV24572, Date: 2024-11-13 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 24STCV24572    Hearing Date: November 13, 2024    Dept: 52

Plaintiff GKT-Wilshire-CA, LLC’s Motion for Summary Judgment

Plaintiff GKT-Wilshire-CA, LLC moves for summary judgment of this action for unlawful detainer against defendant Wilko USA, Inc.

Evidentiary Objections

            Defendant makes one objection to plaintiff’s evidence.  The objection is overruled.

Legal Standard for Summary Judgment

A plaintiff moving for summary judgment must prove each element of each cause of action; once the plaintiff does so, the burden shifts to the defendant to show a triable issue of at least one material fact.  (Code Civ. Proc., § 437c, subds. (c) & (p)(1); Aguilar v. Atlantic Richfield Co. (2001) 25 Cal.4th 826, 849.)

Action for Unlawful Detainer

            Plaintiff meets its initial burden of proving each element of its sole cause of action for unlawful detainer.  “[A] tenant is guilty of unlawful detainer when he or she remains in possession of the premises, without the permission of the landlord, after defaulting in the payment of rent under the rental agreement, and fails to pay the rent due after being served with a written three-day notice stating such amount and the place at which payment is to be made.”  (North 7th Street Associates v. Constante (2016) 7 Cal.App.5th Supp. 1, 4.)

            First, defendant failed to pay rent due under the lease agreement.  In 2019, the parties entered an agreement titled “assignment and assumption and first amendment to standard industrial/commercial multi-tenant lease – net.”  (Vasquez Decl., ¶ 6, Ex. A.)  Defendant assumed a commercial lease for premises at 3800 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 110-F, Los Angeles, California.  (Id., Ex. A, p. 1.)  The lease provides for monthly base rent of $8,258.25, escalating annually since 2015.  (Id., Ex. A-A, ¶ 1.5.)  As of June 2024, the monthly rent was $13,314.38 plus CAM of $3,753.75.  (Vasquez Decl., ¶ 12.)  Susana Vasquez, an assistant property manager at the company that manages the property for plaintiff (id., ¶¶ 2-4) testifies, “Commencing on June 1, 2024 and continuing to the present, Defendant has failed to pay monthly rent as required under the Lease Agreement.”  (Id., ¶ 7.)       

Second, on August 15, 2024, plaintiff served defendant with a three-day notice stating the amount of rent due and identifying the place to pay.  (Vasquez Decl., ¶ 8, Ex. B.) 

Third, defendant has not paid any rent after receiving the three-day notice.  Vasquez testifies that when the notice to pay or quit expired, “Defendant failed to comply and continues to fail to comply with the requirements stated therein.  No money has been received nor accepted after the notice expired.”  (Vasquez Decl., ¶ 10.) 

Finally, defendant remains in possession of the property.  Vasquez testifies, “Defendant continues to occupy possession of the Subject Property as of October 21, 2024.”  (Vasquez Decl., ¶ 12.)    

Defendant filed an opposition but does not attempt to dispute any of the above elements of unlawful detainer.

Amount of Damages

Plaintiff meets its initial burden of showing the amount of damages.  As of August 15, 2024, defendant owed past due rent of $50,816.50.  (Vasquez Decl., ¶¶ 8, 10, Ex. B.)  Plaintiff also presents evidence that, based on the prorated monthly rent, the property’s fair rental value is $550.58 per day.  (Id., ¶ 11.)  Plaintiff’s property manager testifies, “I calculate the holdover damages from September 1, 2024, to November 13, 2024 which is the date of the hearing on Plaintiff’s motion for Summary Judgment as follows: 73 days x $550.58 = $40,192.73.”  (Id., ¶ 13.)  The damages therefore total $91,008.94.  (Id., ¶ 14.)    

Defendant presents evidence establishing a genuine dispute of triable fact on the fair market value.  The value of real property may be shown by someone who owns an interest in the property or who possesses it.  (Evid. Code, § 813.)  Byung J. Lee, an officer of defendant Wilko USA, Inc. (Lee Decl., ¶ 1) testifies: “The fair rental value of the Subject Property cannot be $550.58 per day.  The parking is very inconvenient for the customers to use.  The parking lot is inside the high-rise building but the customers have to use stairs from the parking lot to enter the Subject Property.  The elevator for the handicapped was almost always out of order.  The landlord does not allow placing of a banner showing the exact location of the restaurant.  Some customers had a hard time finding the location and while stopping on Wilshire Blvd to find the exact location., they got traffic citations.  Due to these conditions, the fair rental value cannot be such as the amount claimed by plaintiff.”  (Id., ¶ 3.)

Lee’s testimony, based on his personal knowledge of the property, suffices to create a triable issue of material fact on the property’s value.  The court therefore cannot determine plaintiff’s damages on summary judgment.  That does not, however, preclude the court from granting judgment for possession of the premises.

A plaintiff in an unlawful detainer action can recover damages, but damages are not an element of the action, per se.  “Recovery of damages and rent due under Code of Civil Procedure section 1174 is incidental to the action to recover possession of the premises.”  (Briggs v. Electronic Memories & Magnetics Corp. (1975) 53 Cal.App.3d 900, 906.)  In an unlawful detainer action, the plaintiff may obtain an interlocutory judgment for possession of the property.  (See Superior Motels, Inc. v. Rinn Motor Hotels, Inc. (1987) 195 Cal.App.3d 1032, 1047, fn. 8; First Western Development Corp. v. Superior Court (1989) 212 Cal.App.3d 860, 863; Code Civ. Proc., § 1169.)  The court will therefore enter an interlocutory judgment for possession of the property. 

Disposition

Plaintiff GKT-Wilshire-CA, LLC’s motion for summary judgment of this action against defendant Wilko USA, Inc. is granted as to possession of the property. 

Plaintiff shall submit a proposed interlocutory judgment for possession of the property for the court’s signature forthwith.

The court does not decide the issues of damages or attorney fees.