Judge: Frank M. Tavelman, Case: 22BBCV00248, Date: 2023-08-04 Tentative Ruling


SUBMITTING ON THE TENTATIVE
Generally, the Court will post tentative rulings prior to a hearing; however, the Court does not always do so.  If the parties wish to avoid a court appearance and submit on the tentative ruling, then all counsel must confer and agree to do so.   Each counsel must then contact the Court and advise they have spoken to opposing counsel and will submit on the tentative.  All counsel seeking to submit on a tentative must call Dept A no later than 8:45 a.m. on the hearing day or in lieu may indicate the party is submitting during calendar check-in. Notice of the ruling must be served as indicated in the tentative. If any party declines to submit on the tentative ruling, then all parties should appear at the hearing in person or remotely.
 


Case Number: 22BBCV00248    Hearing Date: August 4, 2023    Dept: A

LOS ANGELES SUPERIOR COURT

NORTH CENTRAL DISTRICT - BURBANK

DEPARTMENT A

 

TENTATIVE RULING

AUGUST 4, 2023

MOTION FOR SUMMARY ADJUDICATION

Los Angeles Superior Court Case # 22BBCV00248

 

MP:  

Daniel Boudaie, DMD, Inc. (Plaintiff)

RP:  

None

 

ALLEGATIONS: 

 

On April 15, 2022, Daniel Boudaie, DMD, Inc. (“Plaintiff”) brought this action against Lacey Graham Howell (“Defendant”). Plaintiff alleges Defendant embezzled substantial amounts of client money while serving as office manager for Plaintiff’s dental practice. Plaintiff’s Complaint states five (5) causes of action for: (1) Fraud, (2) Conversion, (3) Breach of Implied Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing, (4) Civil Extortion, and (5) Unfair Competition. Plaintiff now moves for summary adjudication as to the causes of action for Fraud and Conversion. Plaintiff also requests the Court enter judgment against Defendant in the amount of $120, 923.68.

 

HISTORY: 

 

On May 17, 2023, Plaintiff filed its Motion for Summary Adjudication. Defendant has filed no Opposition and the time to do so expired July 17, 2023. (C.C.P. § 473c(b)(2).)

  

ANALYSIS: 

 

I.                    LEGAL STANDARD 

 

As to each claim framed by his complaint, a plaintiff moving for summary adjudication satisfies his burden by submitting proof showing a prima facie case for each element of a cause of action. (C.C.P. § 437c(p)(1).) Once a moving plaintiff has satisfied this burden, a defendant opposing the motion has the responsive burden of showing that a triable issue of one or more material facts exists as to that cause of action or a defense thereto. (Id.)

 

Courts “liberally construe the evidence in support of the party opposing summary [adjudication] and resolve doubts concerning the evidence in favor of that party.” (Dore v. Arnold Worldwide, Inc. (2006) 39 Cal.4th 384, 389.) However, if all the evidence submitted and all inferences reasonably deducible from the evidence and uncontradicted by other inferences or evidence show that there is no triable issue as to any material fact, then the moving party is entitled to summary adjudication as a matter of law. (C.C.P. § 437c(c); Adler v. Manor Healthcare Corp. (1992) 7 Cal.App.4th 1110, 1119.)

 

Where a motion for summary adjudication of issues is unopposed, the court is entitled to accept as true facts alleged in a movant’s declaration, provided such facts are within the witness’s personal knowledge and to which the witness could competently testify. (Southern Pacific Co. v. Fish (1958) 166 Cal.App.2d 353, 362.) Even where a motion for summary adjudication is unopposed, a moving party may still not be granted summary adjudication unless his papers clearly establish that there is no triable issue of fact, and he is entitled to judgment. (See Harman v. Mono General Hospital (1982) 131 Cal.App.3d 607, 613.)

 

Without opposition filed in response to Plaintiff's motion, the Court's determination that Plaintiff has or has not met his initial moving burden of establishing a prima facie case for each element of his causes of action will be dispositive. (C.C.P. § 437c(c).)

 

II.                 MERITS

 

Fraud

 

“The elements of fraud are (a) a misrepresentation (false representation, concealment, or nondisclosure); (b) scienter or knowledge of its falsity; (c) intent to induce reliance; (d) justifiable reliance; and (e) resulting damage.” (Hinesley v. Oakshade Town Ctr. (2005) 135 Cal.App.4th 289, 294.)

 

In support of its motion, Plaintiff submits several documents establishing each of the above elements. Among these are the deposition of Defendant, labeled Exhibit Three (3), and Defendant’s responses to Plaintiff’s Requests for Admissions (“RFA”), labeled Exhibit Four (4). The Court notes Plaintiff’s RFA were deemed admitted by court order on December 9, 2022, attached to Plaintiff’s motion as Exhibit 15.

 

Defendant did not deny stealing $180,000 from Plaintiff when asked at deposition. (Exh. 3, pgs. 12-13.) Defendant admits he informed clients they could pay him directly for their dental loans. (Exh 4, RFA No. 2.) Defendant stated that he would then pay off client dental loans from Plaintiff’s bank account and write off the work performed. (Exh. 3, pgs. 35-36.) Defendant admits he kept client payments for his own benefit and never transferred the funds to the lending institutions. (Exh. 4, RFA No. 5.) Defendant admitted to Burbank Police detectives that he had stolen sums of $2,500 and $6,000 on different occasions. (Exh 3. pg. 10.) Defendant admits that he told Dr. Daniel Boudaie (“Boudaie”) that some patients were entitled to refunds when they were not in order to conceal his embezzlement. (Exh. 4, RFA No. 4.) Defendant admits that in total he took at least $120,923.68 from Plaintiff through this scheme. (Exh. 4, RFA No. 9.) Plaintiff states that it was not aware of Defendant’s activity until December 2021 and Boudaie never authorized Defendant to accept or keep these payments. (Exh 1, Boudaie Decl. ¶¶ 5-6.)  

 

Additionally, Defendant purchased a house in Palmdale after he began working for Plaintiff. (Exh 3, pg. 20.) On May 31, 2022, the Court granted an order for preliminary injunction that barred the sale of this home unless Defendant were to set aside $85,506.57 for payment of Plaintiff’s claims. (Exh. 13.) Despite this order, Defendant sold the home for $133,318 on June 23, 2022 without setting aside the required funds. (Exh. 3., pgs. 20-22.) Defendant thereafter withdrew approximately $120,000 in cash from his bank account, which he alleges was used to pay off existing debts. (Exh 3, pg. 33.) Defendant states all the proceeds from the sale of the home are gone and he does not know where they went. (Exh. 3, pgs. 43-44.)

 

The Court finds Plaintiff has made a sufficient evidentiary showing of Defendant’s fraud. Plaintiff has shown that Defendant misrepresented to clients that funds given to him would be used to pay off their loans and misrepresented to Boudaie that the dental work was never performed. Further, Plaintiff has shown that Defendant intentionally engaged in this scheme to defraud Plaintiff and his clients. Plaintiff has sufficiently demonstrated their reasonable reliance on Defendant’s representations, as he was their office manager and Plaintiff was unaware of his fraudulent activity. Lastly, Plaintiff has demonstrated damages in the amount of at least $120, 923.68 by virtue of Defendant’s misrepresentations. (Exh. 4, RFA No. 9.)

 

Conversion

 

“Conversion is the wrongful exercise of dominion over the property of another. The elements of a conversion claim are: (1) the plaintiff’s ownership or right to possession of the property; (2) the defendant’s conversion by a wrongful act or disposition of property rights; and (3) damages.” (Lee v. Hanley (2015) 61 Cal.4th 1225, 1240.)

 

Plaintiff’s claim of Conversion is based on the same operative facts as its claim for Fraud. The Court finds Plaintiff’s evidentiary showing is also sufficient to support this claim. Plaintiff has shown that they were entitled to the funds by virtue of performing dental work which was supposed to be compensated by various lending institutions. (Exh 1, Boudaie Decl. ¶ 4; Exh. 4, RFA No. 3; Exh 3, pg. 63.) Plaintiff has also shown that Defendant kept the funds paid to him by clients for his personal use and never conveyed them to the lending institutions. (Exh. 4, RFA No. 5.) Lastly, Plaintiff has shown that they have been damaged in the amount of at least $120, 923.68 by virtue of Defendant’s conversion. (Exh. 4, RFA No. 9.)

 

III.              CONCLUSION

 

The Court finds Plaintiff has made sufficient evidentiary showings to establish that no triable issue of fact exists as to the causes of action for Fraud and Conversion. Defendant has presented no evidence in opposition. Accordingly, the Court finds Plaintiff has demonstrated no triable issue of fact and is entitled to judgment on these claims.

 

Plaintiff’s motion for summary adjudication of the first cause of action for Fraud and the second cause of action Conversion is GRANTED. Judgment is entered for Plaintiff against Defendant for $120,923.68.

 

--- 

 

RULING:

 

In the event the parties submit on this tentative ruling, or a party requests a signed order or the court in its discretion elects to sign a formal order, the following form will be either electronically signed or signed in hard copy and entered into the court’s records. 

 

ORDER 

 

Daniel Boudaie, DMD, Inc.’s Motion for Summary Adjudication came on regularly for hearing on August 4, 2023, with appearances/submissions as noted in the minute order for said hearing, and the court, being fully advised in the premises, did then and there rule as follows: 

 

THE MOTION FOR SUMMARY ADJUDICATION OF THE CAUSES OF ACTION FOR FRAUD AND CONVERSION IS GRANTED.  

 

JUDGMENT IS ENTERED FOR PLAINTIFF DANIEL BOUDAIE, DMD, INC. AGAINST DEFENDANT LACEY GRAHAM HOWELL FOR $120,923.68.

 

UNLESS ALL PARTIES WAIVE NOTICE, PLAINTIFF TO GIVE NOTICE.

 

IT IS SO ORDERED. 

 

DATE:  August 4, 2023                            _______________________________ 

                                                                        F.M. TAVELMAN, Judge 

Superior Court of California 

County of Los Angeles