Judge: John J. Kralik, Case: 24NNCV04389, Date: 2025-04-18 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 24NNCV04389    Hearing Date: April 18, 2025    Dept: NCB

Superior Court of California

County of Los Angeles

North Central District

Department B

 

 

DANIEL M. SHAPIRO, TRUSTEE, et al.,

 

                        Plaintiff,

            v.

 

brian freeman, et al.,

 

                        Defendants.

 

  Case No.:  24NNCV04389

 

  Hearing Date:  April 18, 2025

 

 [TENTATIVE] order RE:

MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION

 

           

BACKGROUND

A.    Allegations and Procedural Background

On September 18, 2024. Plaintiffs Daniel M. Shapiro, Trustee (“Shapiro”), Daniel M. Shapiro Attorney at Law Defined Benefit Plan, and Rhoda S. Shapiro (“Plaintiffs”) filed the complaint against Defendants Brian Freeman, Richard McCloskey, Tax & Financial Group Insurance Agency, LLC, Tax and Financial Group Benefits Insurance, Inc., Cetera Advisor Networks, LLC, Cetera Advisors, LLC, Minnesota Life Insurance Company, Securian Financial Services, Inc., and Ruth A. Hallock. 

On March 5, 2025, Plaintiffs dismissed without prejudice the complaint as to Defendant Tax and Financial Group Benefits Insurance, Inc. only. 

On March 17, 2025, Plaintiffs filed the First Amended Complaint (“FAC”) against Defendants Mr. Freeman, Mr. McCloskey, Tax & Financial Group Insurance Agency, LLC (“T&FGIA”), Minesota Life, SFS, and “Ruth A. Hallock (?)” for: (1) intentional misrepresentation including omission of material; (2) negligent misrepresentation; (3) professional liability; (4) breach of fiduciary duty; (5) breach of contract; (6) financial abuse of elder; (7) violation of Penal Code, § 496(c); and (8) public injunction for violation of unfair competition law.

Plaintiffs allege that they held a $2,000,000.00 life insurance policy (“Policy”) with Defendant Minnesota Life Insurance Company (“Minnesota Life”). Defendant Brian Freeman (“Freeman”) was an agent for Minnesota Life. When Plaintiffs were 75 years old, Freeman falsely told them that if they deposited $275,000.00 into their Policy, their premiums would stabilize at $2,000.00 per month – $24,000.00 annually – until Plaintiffs reached the age of 85. Instead, Plaintiffs allege that Freeman modified the policy to require a $147,600.00 annual premium, which resulted in a broker commission on a 15-year-old policy in excess of $100,000.00.  Plaintiffs allege that the fraudulently induced Policy modification also caused Plaintiffs to incur policy issuance and policy surrender charges.  

On March 17, 2025, Plaintiffs dismissed without prejudice the complaint as to Defendants Securian Financial Services, Inc., Cetera Advisor Networks, LLC, and Cetera Advisors, LLC.

B.     Relevant Background and Motion on Calendar  

On November 4, 2024, Defendants Minnesota Life, Securian Financial Services, Inc., and Ruth A. Hallock filed a motion to compel arbitration of Plaintiffs’ claims through FINRA.  On December 2, 2024, Defendants Richard McCloskey, Tax & Financial Group Insurance Agency, LLC, Cetera Advisor Networks, LLC (dismissed), and Cetera Advisors, LLC (dismissed) Defendants” noticed their joinder to the motion to compel arbitration.  Plaintiffs opposed the motion.  On March 31, 2025, the Court granted the motion to compel arbitration, ordering:

The motion to compel arbitration is granted in part such that the matter shall be subject to arbitration with respect to the 1st to 7th causes of action.  The motion is denied in part as to the 8th cause of action for public injunction for UCL violations.  The entire case, including the 8th cause of action, is stayed pending completion of binding arbitration.  The joinders to the motion to compel arbitration are granted. 

(3/21/25 Minute Order at p.2.) 

On February 13, 2025, Plaintiff filed an ex parte application for OSC re Issuance of Preliminary Injunction.  On February 13, 2025, Defendants filed an opposition to the application. On February 14, 2025, the Court granted the ex parte application and entered the following Order:

On February 14, 2025, Plaintiffs Daniel M. Shapiro, Trustee, Daniel M. Shapiro Attorney at Law Defined Benefit Plan and Rhoda S. Shapiro (collectively, “Plaintiffs”) appeared before Department B of the Los Angeles Superior Court at 300 E. Olive Ave., Burbank, CA 91502, for hearing on their Ex Parte Application to set an Order to Show Cause why a Preliminary Injunction should not issue with respect to Defendants Minnesota Life Insurance Company, Securian Financial Services, Inc., Tax & Financial Group Insurance Agency, LLC, Cetera Advisor Networks, LLC, and Cetera Advisors, LLC (collectively, “Defendants”) to do the following:

a) Enjoin Defendants from further violations of California Insurance Code §§10509, et set, including §§10509.2, 10509.4, and 10509.6;

b) Order Defendants to advise their California clients of all policy options that existed for their policy at the time of any policy change over the past four (4) years, as well as the requirements called for under Insurance Code §§ 10509 et seq., including 10509.2, 10509.4 and 10509.6, during the same time period;

c) Require that Defendants offer rescission to any California clients for any policy change in the past four (4) years resulting in imposition of surrender and policy issuance charges exceeding the original policy schedule; and

d) Require that Defendants advise such California customers that if they did not receive the disclosures called for under Insurance Code §§ 10509.2 and 10509.6, that they may have legal rights against Defendants.

After consideration of Plaintiff’s Ex Parte Application, Defendants’ Opposition, as well as evidence filed in support thereof, and other oral evidence and arguments, and FOR GOOD CAUSE APPEARING, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED AS FOLLOWS:

The court orders that an OSC re preliminary injunction be set for April 18, 2025 at 8:30 a.m.  Defendants’ opposition, if any, shall be due by April 7, 2025, and Plaintiffs’ Reply, if any, shall be due by April 14, 2025.

(2/14/25 Order.) 

            The Court is not in receipt of an opposition brief to the motion for preliminary injunction.

DISCUSSION

            Plaintiff seeks a preliminary injunction against Defendants.  The requested preliminary injunction mirrors the request for public injunction in the 8th cause of action in the FAC at paragraph 154, subsections (a) to (d):

154. On behalf of the public, Plaintiff is entitled to such a public injunction under Business & Professions Code §§ 17203 to:

a. Enjoin Defendants from further violations of California Insurance Code §§10509, et set, including §§10509.2, 10509.4, and 10509.6;

b. Order Defendants to advise their California clients of all policy options that existed for their policy at the time of any policy change over the past four (4) years, as well as the requirements called for under Insurance Code §§ 10509 et seq., including 10509.2, 10509.4 and 10509.6, during the same time period;

c. Require that Defendants offer rescission to any California clients for any policy change in the past four (4) years resulting in imposition of surrender and policy issuance charges exceeding the original policy schedule;

d. Require that Defendants advise such California customers that if they did not receive the disclosures called for under Insurance Code §§ 10509.2 and 10509.6, that they may have legal rights against Defendants;

e. Order FREEMAN, MCCLOSKEY and TFG to cease and desist representing themselves as having any expertise in tax matters, including retirement or welfare benefit plans; and

f. Order FREEMAN, MCCLOSKEY, and TFG from using any name, slogan or advertising containing or referencing any “tax expertise”, “tax advice” or similar.

(FAC, ¶154.)  The motion does not include subsections (e) and (f).

            As summarized above, the Court granted the motion to compel arbitration and stayed the remainder of the action, including the 8th cause of action for public injunction.  By way of this motion, Plaintiff is essentially seeking entry of the public injunction, as opposed to maintaining the status quo.  At this time, the Court declines to lift the stay and enter such an order.

            Even if the Court were to consider the requested relief, the Court would deny the motion.  the requested relief is overbroad and essentially seeks a mandatory injunction.  A prohibitory injunction requires a person to refrain from a particular act, while a mandatory injunction compels performance of an affirmative act that changes the position of the parties.  (Davenport v. Blue Cross of California (1997) 52 Cal.App.4th 435, 646-47.)  A mandatory injunction is rarely granted except in extreme cases where the right thereto is clearly established.  (Teachers Ins. & Annuity Ass’n v. Furlotti (1999) 70 Cal.App.4th 1487, 1493.)  Three of the four requested injunctive relief seeks an order requiring Defendants to affirmatively act by: (b) advising their California clients of all policy options that existed over the past 4 years; (c) offer rescission to California clients; and (d) advise California customers that if they did not receive certain disclosure, they may have legal rights against Defendants.  Such injunctive relief is not proper in the absence of immediate class-wide damage and a finding of liability against Defendants in the first place. 

If the Court were to grant this motion, there would be nothing left to adjudicate on subsections (a) to (d) of the 8th cause of action, as Defendants would essentially have already been ordered to make disclosures and offer rescission to its California clients and customers.  Further, requiring Defendants to prematurely make disclosures or offer rescission prior to finding any violation of the Insurance Code would not directly affect the issues in this case between Plaintiff Shapiro and Defendants.  With respect to request (a), the Court also declines to lift the stay to enter a preliminary injunction as the request to enjoin Defendants from violating the Insurance Code is overly broad. 

            For these reasons, the motion for preliminary injunction is taken off-calendar.  The action has been stayed pending arbitration and this includes entering orders on the 8th cause of action for public injunction. 

CONCLUSION AND ORDER

            Plaintiff’s motion for a preliminary injunction is taken off calendar.  

            Plaintiffs shall give notice of this order.  

 

 

DATED: April 18, 2025                                                         ___________________________

                                                                                          John Kralik

                                                                                          Judge of the Superior Court   





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