Judge: Malcolm Mackey, Case: 21STCV13812, Date: 2023-08-15 Tentative Ruling



Case Number: 21STCV13812    Hearing Date: August 15, 2023    Dept: 55

YONG KIM v. TEH JIN WANG                                                    21STCV13812

Hearing Date:  8/15/23,  Dept. 55

#7:   DEMURRER TO COMPLAINT.

 

Notice:  Okay

No Opposition

 

MP:  Defendant TEH JING WANG

RP:  

 

 

Summary

 

On 4/12/21, Plaintiff filed a Complaint alleging that Plaintiff leased a premises for a retail business called "America Wild Ginseng," but Defendant failed to deliver the premises in good working condition, and to fix the problems, including a terrible odor coming from pipes, and backed-up sewage that constantly seeped into the premises.

The causes of action are:

1. BREACH OF WRITTEN CONTRACT

2. BREACH OF COVENANT OF QUIET ENJOYMENT

3. NEGLIGENT MISREPRESENTATIONS

4. NEGLIGENT INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS.

 

 

MP Positions

 

Moving party requests an order sustaining the demurrer to the Complaint, on grounds including the following:

 

1. Plaintiffs’ Complaint fails to state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action against Demurring Defendant WANG.

 

2. The Complaint fails as to Plaintiff YOO S. KIM (“YOO KIM”) because the Complaint, through Exhibit “A,” admits that Plaintiff YOO KIM is not a party to the LEASE at issue and, therefore, has no standing to sue Defendant WANG under the Complaint that arises out of the same LEASE;

 

3. Plaintiff MI YOUNG KIM’s (“MI YOUNG”) Complaint fails because the LEASE at issue, attached to the Complaint as Exhibit “A,” expressly contradict the allegations in the Complaint vis-à-vis Defendant WANG. More specifically, Exhibit “A” attached to the Complaint provides,

 

(A) Tenant (Plaintiff MI YOUNG) has inspected the Premises and acknowledge that the Premises is in good working condition (Complaint, Exhibit “A,” Section 11,)

 

(B) The Premises, including plumbing and water systems, shall be maintained by tenant (Plaintiff MI YOUNG) (Complaint, Exhibit “A,” Section 17,)

 

(C) Defendant WANG (Landlord) makes no representations regarding fitness of the Premises for tenant’s (Plaintiff MI YOUNG’s) business purposes and that tenant (Plaintiff MI YOUNG) has made her own investigations regarding all applicable zoning and land use laws (Complaint, Exhibit “A,” Section 12,) and

 

(D) Tenant (Plaintiff MI YOUNG) is only allowed one parking space (Complaint, Exhibit “A,” Section 8.)

 

Thus, Defendant WANG has no liability for the causes of action in the Complaint based on (1) failure to deliver Premises in good working order, (2) failure to maintain plumbing and water systems at the Premises, (3) the Premises not being fit for Plaintiffs’ business purposes, and (4) inadequate parking space.

 

(Demurrer, p. 3.)

 

 

Tentative Ruling

 

The unopposed demurrer is sustained, based upon all of its page numbers.

Twenty days’ leave to amend.

The failure to file a proper and timely opposition in trial court creates a waiver of the issues on any appeal.  Bell v. Am. Title Ins. Co. (1991) 226 Cal. App. 3d 1589, 1602;  Cabrini Villas Homeowners Assn. v. Haghverdian (2003) 111 Cal. App. 4th 683, 693.  A judge in a civil case is not "'obligated to seek out theories [a party] might have advanced, or to articulate … that which … [a party] has left unspoken.'"  Mesecher v. County of San Diego (1992) 9 Cal. App. 4th 1677, 1686.  In order to obtain leave to amend, complainants must state how the allegations would be amended in order to state a cause of action.  Drum v. San Fernando Valley Bar Ass'n  (2010) 182 Cal.App.4th 247, 253.

However, courts generally allow at least one time to amend a complaint, after sustaining a demurrer, even without any request for leave to amend.  McDonald v. Sup. Ct. (1986) 180 Cal. App. 3d 297, 303;  City of Stockton v. Sup.Ct. (2007) 42 Cal.4th 730, 747;  Cal. Prac. Guide: Civ. Pro. Before Trial (The Rutter Group 2023) ¶7:129.

Alternatively, the matter should be ordered off calendar, if the complainant voluntarily has filed an amended pleading by the hearing time.

The filing of an amended complaint pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure Section 472 renders moot a demurrer addressing the superseded pleading because it "'"ceases to perform any function as a pleading."'"   Sylmar Air Conditioning v. Pueblo Contracting Services, Inc. (2004) 122 Cal. App. 4th 1049, 1054.  Accord  State Compensation Ins. Fund v. Sup. Ct. (2010) 184 Cal.App.4th 1124, 1131 (“the filing of an amended complaint moots a motion directed to a prior complaint.”).

Finally, as to demurrer rulings, statements of decision may consist of references to appropriate page numbers and paragraphs.  CCP §472d.