Judge: Margaret L. Oldendorf, Case: 24AHCV00190, Date: 2024-04-19 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 24AHCV00190    Hearing Date: April 19, 2024    Dept: P

[TENTATIVE] ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF MAXSPEED’S MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION

 I.        INTRODUCTION

          This is a dispute arising from an employment relationship. Plaintiff Maxspeed Global Inc. (Maxspeed) allegedly employed Defendants Zheng You and Jianwen Huang. You and Huang are husband and wife. Plaintiff alleges that You and Huang started their own businesses, the entity defendants Aspeed Global Inc., J Plus A Global Inc., AEK Logistics Inc. and Elements Therapeutic Massage Studio with stolen funds from Plaintiff. Plaintiff Haiyang Ma alleges that he is the incorporator of Maxspeed and current CFO and CEO. Plaintiff Maxspeed is in the transport business, as are three of the entity defendants.

          The complaint alleges thirteen causes of action: (1) Breach of Fiduciary Duty (2) Breach of Duty of Undivided Loyalty, (3) Constructive Fraud, (4) Conversion (5) Waste of Corporate Assets, (6) Unjust enrichment, (7) aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty, (8) Violation of BPC § 17200, (9) Intentional interference with prospective economic advantage, (10) Accounting, (11) declaratory relief, (12) constructive trust and (13 defamation per se.

          Plaintiff Maxspeed filed an ex parte application for TRO and OSC re preliminary injunction on February 13, 2024. In ruling on the ex parte (TRO denied 2/15/24), the Court set an Order to Show Cause re Preliminary Injunction for March 22, 2024. Defendants filed an opposition on March 11, 2024. Plaintiff filed a reply on March 15, 2024, including supplemental declarations. The Court declines to consider evidence submitted for the first time on reply. The hearing was then continued to its current date of April 19, 2024 to accommodate the Court’s calendar.

          Plaintiff Maxspeed seeks a prohibitory preliminary injunction preventing Defendants from using Maxspeed’s business records, bank accounts  and credit cards.

Maxspeed also seeks a mandatory injunction requiring Defendants to return all business and financial records of Maxspeed, including but not limited to, bookkeeping documents and software accounts, to Maxspeed’s shareholders, directors, and officers.

The preliminary injunction is DENIED.  

II. EVIDENTIARY OBJECTIONS

The Court refers the parties to Attachment 1 to the Court’s tentative ruling in this matter.  This attachment will be emailed separately to the parties.  The Court does not consider proffered evidence for which objections have been sustained. 

III.     LEGAL STANDARD

Code Civ. Proc. §526 (a) provides grounds on which an injunction may issue:

(1) When it appears by the complaint that the plaintiff is entitled to the relief demanded, and the relief, or any part thereof, consists in restraining the commission or continuance of the act complained of, either for a limited period or perpetually.

(2) When it appears by the complaint or affidavits that the commission or continuance of some act during the litigation would produce waste, or great or irreparable injury, to a party to the action.

(3) When it appears, during the litigation, that a party to the action is doing, or threatens, or is about to do, or is procuring or suffering to be done, some act in violation of the rights of another party to the action respecting the subject of the action, and tending to render the judgment ineffectual.

(4) When pecuniary compensation would not afford adequate relief.

(5) Where it would be extremely difficult to ascertain the amount of compensation which would afford adequate relief.

(6) Where the restraint is necessary to prevent a multiplicity of judicial proceedings.

(7) Where the obligation arises from a trust.

          IV.     EVIDENCE

          In support of its motion, Maxspeed offers the following:

          A. Declaration of Haixang Ma

          In support of its motion for preliminary injunction, Maxspeed offers the declaration of Haixang Ma. He declares that Defendant You and Huang were fired November 13, 2023. (Ma Decl. ¶ 3.) He declares that two days later, November 15, 2023, the individual defendants opened an unauthorized Chase bank account in Maxspeed’s name. (Ma Decl. ¶ 6.)

          He declares that the individual defendants then contacted a client of Plaintiff’s and provided the Chase bank account as the one invoices should now be paid to. Defendants sent the email ‘updating’ bank information on November 22, 2023. (Ma Decl. ¶¶ 9, 10, see Exh. D.) Ma declares that the Defendants sent a further correspondence to the client, Qimei, claiming that Ma himself was no longer part of Maxspeed and to contact Defendants instead. (Ma Decl. ¶ 12.)

           Next, Ma declares that on January 22, 2024, Defendants told Qimei that Maxspeed was now doing business as J Plus A Global Inc. and to send their orders to that entity. However, J Plus A Global was Defendant’s company, not affiliated with Maxspeed. (Ma Decl. ¶¶ 14, 15, see Exh. B.) Ma declares that the same fraudulent message, that Maxspeed was now taking orders under the name J Plus A Global Inc. was sent to three other Maxspeed clients. (Ma Decl. ¶¶ 18,22, 24, 27.)

          Ma attaches copies of the emails Maxspeed’s clients received, as well as an itemized list of deposits and withdrawals from the unauthorized Chase bank account in Maxspeed’s name. (Exhs. A-E, Exh. F-statement of withdrawals.) He also attaches a bank account statement from Maxspeed’s authorized business account at Bank of America, where he alleges Defendant You and Huang used their business credit cards to pay down their personal credit card balances. (Exh. G.)

          B. Declaration of Kaisheng Yang

          Maxspeed also provides the declaration of Kaisheng Yang in support of its motion. (Yang Decl.) Yang is Maxspeed and Ma’s attorney. (Kaisheng Yang Decl. ¶ 1.) He declares that the ex parte was served appropriately on all parties. (Kaisheng Yang Decl. ¶ 2.)

          In response, Defendants proffer the following evidence:

          A. Declaration of Jianwen Huang

          In opposition, Defendants offer the declaration of Jianwen Huang, one of the individual defendants. (Huang Decl.)  He declares that Maxspeed’s principal place of business is his home address, 20151 San Gabriel Valley Drive, Walnut, CA 91789. (Huang Decl. ¶ 3.) He declares that he runs and operates Maxspeed and that due to the intricacies of the trucking business, no one else may operate it. (Huang Decl. ¶¶ 4,6.) He denies all allegations in Ma’s declaration along with the allegations in the complaint. (Huang Decl. ¶ 5.)

          He details why he and his wife, Zheng You, are uniquely suited to run Maxspeed. (Huang Decl. ¶ 6.) He declares that in particular, Mr. Zhu has only ever been a truck driver for Maxspeed and cannot run the company. (Huang Decl. ¶ 6 g.)

          Lastly, he declares that he believes Mr. Zhu and Mr. Ma conspired to embezzle corporate funds from Maxspeed, alleging that Zhu and Ma exchanged texts planning to do so. (Huang Decl. ¶ 6h.)

          B. Declaration of Zheng You

          Defendants also offer the declaration of the other named individual defendant, Zheng You. (You Declaration.) She declares that Maxspeed’s principal place of business is her home, 20151 San Gabriel Valley Drive, Walnut, CA 91789. (You Decl. ¶ 3.) She declares that she is the co-founder and majority owner of Maxspeed. (You Decl. ¶ 4.) She attaches a copy of Maxspeed’s 2022 tax returns showing that she invested $80,000 in the company. (You Decl. Exh. A.) She declares that her husband, Defendant Jianwen Huang, manages and operates Maxspeed with her and is primarly responsible for the financial aspects of the company. (You Decl. ¶ 7.)

          As to Plaintiff Ma, she declares that since the beginning, he was an insubordinate employee of Maxspeed and did not hold a significant role in the company. You Decl. ¶ 5.) She declares that Ma is incapable of running the business. (You Decl. ¶ 6.) Ma, however, was the incorporator of Maxspeed. (You Decl. ¶ 8, see Exh. B: text messages between You and Ma.) She declares that starting in October of 2023, she and Ma had a disagreement over the use of company money, which she characterizes as Ma embezzling the company. (You Decl. ¶ 10, see Exh. C: Bank of America account records.)

          As a result of Ma withdrawing $551,000 from the company account, she declares that she had to borrow and use her and her husband’s own money to pay the drivers who worked for Maxspeed. (You Decl. ¶ 11.)

          C. Declaration of Ji Wang

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Ji Wang, one of Maxspeed’s former customers. (Wang Decl.) He declares that he is a manager of VIP Supply Chain currently, but used to be a manager at Amoybay Corp., a former customer of Maxspeed. (Wang Decl. ¶ 2.) He declares that Plaintiff Ma called him and “threatened me not to do business with Maxspeed Global Inc, or else I would ‘regret it’.” (Wang Decl. ¶ 3.)

          He goes on to declares he understands that Ma embezzled money from Maxspeed (Wang Decl. ¶ 3) and that You and Huang are the main operators of Maxspeed. (Wang Decl. ¶ 4.)

          He also declares that he received an email from WIZ Logistics, Inc., a company he referred to Maxspeed. (Wang Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that “an email address of Maxspeed2023@gmail.com informing WIZ Logistics that Maxspeed will stop accepting more business from customers due to ‘internal restructuring.’ WIZ Logistics forwarded this email to me and asked me to verify if that's true.” (Id.) He declares that in response, he asked Defendant You, who he understood and understands to be one of the main operators of Maxspeed if this was true. In response, Wang declares that “Zheng You informed me that the email address Maxspeed2023@gmail.com does not belong to Maxspeed and Maxspeed never sent such an email to WIZ Logistics on 11/19/2023.” (Id.)

          D. Declaration of Bingrong “Ivy” Guo

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Ivy Guo. (Ivy Decl.) She declares that she is the owner of a warehousing company that did business with Maxspeed. (Ivy Decl. ¶ 2.)

She declares that You and Huang are the operators of Maxspeed. (Ivy Decl. ¶ 2.)

          As to Plaintiff Ma, she declares that he was an assistant at Maxspeed. She declares “I had previously complained about Haiyang Ma being too sloppy, makes a lot of mistakes, and not being able to do his job well. (Ivy Decl. ¶ 3.)

          Lastly, she declares that only You and Huang can run Maxspeed because she only trusts them. (Ivy Decl. ¶ 3.)  

          E. Declaration of Alvin Guo

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Alvin Guo, the owner of Axspeed Management Inc., one of Maxspeed’s customers. (Alvin Decl. ¶ 2.) He declares that “Haiyang Ma called me up and told me that Zheng You and Jianwen Huang ‘stole money from Maxspeed’ and asked me ‘not to do business’ with Maxspeed. I later on learned that it was Haiyang Ma who embezzled a substantial amount of company's funds.” (Alvin Decl. ¶ 3.)

          F. Declaration of Alfred H. Chan

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Alfred H. Chan, their attorney. (Chan Declaration.) He attaches several relevant documents: a copy of the November 20, 2023 Cease and Desist letter he sent Haixiang Ma (Exh. 1), a copy of the November 29, 2023 letter he received from Hong Li, Plaintiff’s previous attorney (Exh. 2), and copies of his emails to Plaintiffs’ current counsel, Kaisheng Yang (Exhs. 3-5.)

          The cease-and-desist letter (Exh 1) states “Our firm [AH Chan Law Firm] represents Maxspeed Global, Inc. (“Maxspeed”) with respect to the above-referenced matter” and “You are not authorized to direct operations, and any authority previously granted you as an employee of Maxspeed, either ostensible or actual, is hereby revoked in its entirety.” (Exh. 1.) The cease-and-desist letter also alleges that Ma embezzled $551,000.00 from the company accounts.

          In contrast, Hong Li’s November 29, 2023 email (Exh. 2) states “Mr. Ma is a 25% minority owner of Maxspeed Global and has been the CEO and CFO of the corporation since day one” and that “at least $329,188.05 was transferred or paid by Emma You to her own family or her other newly formed companies. In addition, Mr. Ma also discovered that your clients Emma You and Jianwen Huang used four Maxspeed business credit cards to cover their personal and family expenses, in an amount of at least $127,626.28.” (Exh. 2.) These two amounts add up to approximately $551,000.

          G. Declaration of Xiaowei Xu

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Xiaowei Xu, a truck driver for Maxspeed Global. (Xu Decl. ¶ 2.) He declares that he understood Zheng You to be the person in charge of Maxspeed and that “[s]he (Zheng You) is the person in-charge of dispatching drivers, including myself. As a driver, I follow her instruction.” (Xu Decl. ¶ 3.) He declares that Defendant Jianwen Huang oversees Maxspeed’s finances. (Xu Decl. ¶ 4.)

          As to Plaintiff Haixiang Ma, Xu declares “I will not work with Haiyang Ma as he lacks the ability to properly dispatch, including calculating drivers' pay.” (Xu Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that Ma embezzled corporate funds. (Xu Decl. ¶ 7.)

          He further declares that on January 18, 2024, a check his company received from Maxspeed bounced. (Xu Decl. ¶ 8.) He declares that he was told this was because Ma filed a false fraud claim. (Id.)

          H. Declaration of Longxiang Li

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Longxiang Li, another truck driver for Maxspeed Global. (Li Decl. ¶ 2.) He declares that he understood Zheng You to be the person in charge of Maxspeed and that “[s]he (Zheng You) is the person in-charge of dispatching drivers, including myself. As a driver, I follow her instruction to pick up and deliver containers.” (Li Decl. ¶ 3.) He declares that Jianwen Huang oversees the finances of Maxspeed Global. (Li Decl. ¶ 4.) He declares that without the two individual Defendants, Maxspeed would not function properly. (Li Decl. ¶ 6.)

          As to Plaintiff Haixiang Ma, Li declares “I will not work with Haiyang Ma as he lacks the ability to properly dispatch, including calculating drivers' pay. Haiyang Ma often makes mistakes. Therefore, if he takes over operation and/or do dispatching, I will not work for Maxspeed anymore.” (Li Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that Ma embezzled corporate funds and that Defendants Zheng You and Jianwen Huang assured him he would be paid despite this. (Li Decl. ¶ 7.)

          I. Declaration of Junning Fu

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Junning Fu, another truck driver for Maxspeed Global. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Fu Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that he understands Ma to be incapable of dispatching. (Fu Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Fu Decl. ¶ 7.)

          J. Declaration of Jingchu Xiao

          Defendants offer the declaration of Jingchu Xiao. (Xiao Declaration.) However, the declaration is empty but for a declaration that the declaration is made under penalty of perjury.

          K. Declaration of Xiaowei Huang

          Defendants offer the declaration of Xiaowei Huang, the owner of Moving Box Company, another trucking company. (Xiaowei Decl. ¶ 2.) He declares that Zheng You contacted him in November of 2023 for help moving some containers from port terminals to avoid a fee. (Xiaowei Decl. ¶ 3.) He declares that Zheng You requested that help because Ma embezzled funds and Maxspeed could not pay its drivers. (Id.)

          He also declares that he understands Zheng You and Jianwen Huang to be the main operators of Maxspeed. (Xiaowei Decl. ¶ 4.)

          L. Declaration of Annie Su

          Defendants also include the declaration of Annie Su, a former manager of Dynatrans Inc., a trucking company. (Su Decl. ¶ 2.) She declares that like Xiaowei Huang, she was contacted by Zheng You for help moving some containers from port terminals to avoid a fee. (Su Decl. ¶ 3.) She declares that Zheng You requested that help because Ma embezzled funds and Maxspeed could not pay its drivers. (Id.)

          She also declares that she understands Zheng You and Jianwen Huang to be the main operators of Maxspeed. (Su Decl. ¶ 4.)

          M. Declaration of Zhongxing Yang

          Defendants also include the declaration of Zhongxing Yang, another truck driver for Maxspeed. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Yang Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that he understands Ma to be incapable of dispatching. (Yang Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Yang Decl. ¶ 7.)

          He also declares that a check he received bounced on January 18, 2024. He declares he was told this was because Ma filed a false fraud claim. (Yang Decl. ¶ 6.)

          N. Declaration of Chunlei Diao

          Defendants also include the declaration of Chunlei Diao, another truck driver for Maxspeed. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Diao Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that he understands Ma to be incapable of dispatching. (Diao Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Diao Decl. ¶ 7.)

          He further declares that a check he received bounced on January 22, 2024. He declares he was told this was because Ma filed a false fraud claim. (Diao Decl. ¶ 8.)

          O. Declaration of Chengping Liu

          Defendants also include the declaration of Chengping Liu, another truck driver for Maxspeed. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Chenping Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that he understands Ma to be incapable of dispatching. (Chengping Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Chengping Decl. ¶ 7.)

          He further declares that a check he received bounced on January 22, 2024. He declares he was told this was because Ma filed a false fraud claim. (Chengping Decl. ¶ 8.)

          P. Declaration of Wenjing “Karen” Wang

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Wenjing “Karen” Wang, a manager for Taikoo Inc, a freight forwarding company and customer of Maxspeed. (Wang Decl. ¶ 2.) She declares that she understands Zheng You and Jianwen Huang to oversee Maxspeed. (Wang Decl. ¶ 3.)

          As to Plaintiff Ma, she declares “I have customers who have complained about Haiyang Ma's ability and attitude. If Haiyang Ma takes over operation of Maxspeed including in-charge of dispatching drivers, Taikoo will not work with Maxspeed because I only trust Zheng You and Jianwen Huang.” (Wang Decl. ¶ 4.)

          Q. Declaration of Meng “James” Li

          Defendants also offer the declaration of Meng “James” Li, the owner of LRP Inc, a warehousing company and customer of Maxspeed. (Meng Decl. ¶ 2.) Like the others, he declares that he understands Zheng You and Jianwen Huang to be the operators of Maxspeed. (Id.)

          He further declares “Haiyang Ma was acting as an assistant, and Zhu Jia Chuan would deliver containers to our warehouse as a driver. If Haiyang Ma or Zhu Jia Chuan takes over operation of Maxspeed, LRP, You and Jianwen Huang. Inc. will not work with Maxspeed because I only trust Zheng You and Jianwen Huang.” (Meng Decl. ¶ 3.)

          R. Declaration of Jimmy Jun Lu

          Defendants also include the declaration of Jimmy Jun Lu, another truck driver for Maxspeed. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Lu Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that Ma is incapable of dispatching. (Lu Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Lu Decl. ¶ 6.)

          S. Declaration of Ge Zhang

          Defendants also include the declaration of Ge Zhang, another truck driver for Maxspeed. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Ge Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that Ma is incapable of dispatching. (Ge Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Ge Decl. ¶ 7.)

          T. Declaration of Gang Wang

          Defendants also include the declaration of Gang Wang, another truck driver for Maxspeed. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Gang Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that Ma is incapable of dispatching. (Gang Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Gang Decl. ¶ 6.)

          U. Declaration of Chunmeng Sun

          Defendants also include the declaration of Chunmeng Sun, another truck driver for Maxspeed. Like the other truck drivers, he declares that he understands that Zheng You is the person in charge of Maxspeed and Jianwen Huang runs the financial side of Maxspeed. (Sun Decl. ¶¶ 3-4.) He declares that Ma is incapable of dispatching. (Sun Decl. ¶ 5.) He declares that he learned that Ma embezzled funds. (Sun Decl. ¶ 7.)

          V.       DISCUSSION

          A. Prohibitory Injunction versus Mandatory Injunction

          A prohibitory injunction requests the Court intervene to maintain the status quo. Here, Maxspeed is asking for a prohibitory injunction preventing Defendants from using Maxspeed’s credit cards, bank account information and business records.

          The burden is higher for a mandatory injunction because the moving party is asking the Court to disturb the status quo. (See Shoemaker v. County of Los Angeles (1995) 37 Cal.App.4th 618, 625.) Here, Maxspeed is also requesting a mandatory injunction ordering the handing over of business-related documents, including but not limited to, bookkeeping documents and software accounts, to Maxspeed’s shareholders, directors, and officers.

B.  Balancing the Equities

“ ‘[A] preliminary injunction is an order that is sought by a plaintiff prior to a full adjudication of the merits of its claim.’ (White v. Davis (2003) 30 Cal.4th 528, 554, 133 Cal.Rptr.2d 648, 68 P.3d 74, italics omitted.) ‘To obtain a preliminary injunction, a plaintiff ordinarily is required to present evidence of the irreparable injury or interim harm that it will suffer if an injunction is not issued pending an adjudication of the merits.’ (Ibid.)

“Trial courts ‘ “ ‘evaluate two interrelated factors when deciding whether or not to issue a preliminary injunction. The first is the likelihood that the plaintiff will prevail on the merits at trial. The second is the interim harm that the plaintiff is likely to sustain if the injunction were denied as compared to the harm that the defendant is likely to suffer if the preliminary injunction were issued.’ ” ’ (ITV Gurney Holding Inc. v. Gurney (2017) 18 Cal.App.5th 22, 28–29.)” Amgen, Inc. v. Health Care Services (2020) 47 Cal.App.5th 716, 731.)

C. Likelihood of Prevailing on the Merits

1. Conversion

Maxspeed urges that it is likely to prevail on the merits of its conversion cause of action against all defendants because it has demonstrated stealing of business information. Citing Lee v. Harley (2015) 61 Cal.4th 1225, 1240, Maxspeed urges that the elements of conversion are: (1) plaintiff’s ownership of the property at issue, (2) defendant’s conversion by wrongful act and (3) plaintiff was harmed as a result. Preliminary injunctions are possible remedies to conversion. (Gladstone v. Hillel (1988) 203 Cal.App.3d 977, 989-990.)

Maxspeed urges that it has adequately demonstrated conversion has taken place, as the individual Defendants, Huang and You, were fired November 13, 2023 (Ma Decl. ¶ 3) and the suspect bank account and emails to Maxspeed customers directing them to order from Defendant’s newly formed business and deposit into the suspect ban account occurred after Huang and You were fired. (Ma Decl. ¶¶ 30-32.)

In their opposition, Defendants urge that they have presented sufficient evidence that the ownership of Maxspeed is in question. (See Opposition p. 9: 13-14.) The Court agrees, as Defendants have presented 21 separate declarations stating that they are the owners and operators of Maxspeed. As the ownership of Maxspeed is in question, it is unclear from the evidence presented what actions constitute conversion from Maxspeed. The second element of conversion is not met. (Lee v. Harley (2015) 61 Cal.4th 1225, 1240.)

Defendants also urge that they have presented sufficient evidence to demonstrate that Ma’s role in Maxspeed is in dispute. The Court at this time does not conclude who owns Maxspeed or that Ma was or was not the CEO/CFO.

In its reply, Maxspeed argues that Ma and Maxspeed are distinguishable, and Ma’s actions cannot be imputed to the business. (Reply p. 3: 10-23.) Maxspeed further argues about the corporate structure of Maxspeed, and in doing so, clearly demonstrates that the corporate structure is in dispute.

Maxspeed has not presented sufficient evidence of a likelihood of prevailing on the merits of its claims. Due to the overwhelming amount of evidence presented in opposition, the Court concludes that the ownership of Maxspeed and the various roles parties had with respect to Maxspeed is in dispute. As both sides allege and support with evidence that the other side is stealing from Maxspeed, the Court concludes the first prong of a preliminary injunction, likelihood of prevailing on the merits of the conversion cause of action, has not been met. For that reason, the preliminary injunction is denied.

VI.     ORDER

           Maxspeed’s motion for a preliminary injunction is denied.

Counsel for Defendants is ordered to give notice of ruling.

 

         

Dated: April 18, 2024

                                                                            JARED D. MOSES

                                                                JUDGE OF THE SUPERIOR COURT  

Attachment 1 to this ruling will be emailed to the parties.