Judge: Melvin D. Sandvig, Case: 22CHCV00151, Date: 2023-05-11 Tentative Ruling

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Case Number: 22CHCV00151    Hearing Date: May 11, 2023    Dept: F47

Dept. F47

Date: 5/11/23                                                        TRIAL DATE: 8/7/23

Case #22CHCV00151

 

SUMMARY JUDGMENT/SUMMARY ADJUDICATION

 

Motion filed on 12/16/22.

 

MOVING PARTY: Defendant Shauntel Anderson

RESPONDING PARTY: Plaintiffs Lenore M. Eastabrook and Lukus Eichmann individually, and Lukus Eichmann as co-trustees of the Lenore M. Eastabrook Intervivos Trust Agreement, dated January 26, 1993

NOTICE: ok

 

RELIEF REQUESTED: An order granting summary judgment, or in the alternative, summary adjudication against Plaintiffs Lenore M. Eastabrook, individually, and Lukus Eichmann as co-trustees of the Lenore M. Eastabrook Intervivos Trust Agreement, dated January 26, 1993.

 

RULING: The motion is denied.

 

SUMMARY OF FACTS & PROCEDURAL HISTORY

 

This action arises out of dispute regarding the ownership of real property located at 24812 Horseshoe Lane, Newhall, California 91321 (the Property).  Plaintiff Lenore M. Eastabrook (Plaintiff), who is currently 95-years old, is the grandmother of Ede Eichmann Anderson (Ede).  Plaintiff alleges that in or around April 2019, she, Ede and Ede’s wife, Defendant Shauntel Anderson (Defendant) had a discussion wherein it was agreed that Plaintiff would sell her home and invest the proceeds in the purchase of another home (the Property) with Ede and Defendant wherein Plaintiff would live with and be taken care of by Ede and Defendant for the rest of Plaintiff’s life.  Plaintiff contends that she was never informed that she would not have an ownership interest in the Property. 

 

Thereafter, on or around 5/7/19, escrow closed on the Property with Ede and Defendant taking title as wife and wife, as community property.  Plaintiff, Ede and Defendant all moved into the Property.  Plaintiff alleges that she became aware that she was not on title and asked Ede and Defendant for the “receipt” of her ownership interest in the Property.  Plaintiff alleges that although Ede and Defendant told her not to worry about it and they would take care of it, they never did.  Soon thereafter, Ede was diagnosed with cancer and died on 5/2/20.  As a result, ownership of the Property transferred solely to Defendant. 

 

Plaintiff alleges that Defendant ignored her repeated requests to give Plaintiff what Plaintiff claims is her rightful ownership interest in the Property, the relationship between Plaintiff and Defendant became strained resulting in Plaintiff moving out of the Property.  Defendant claims that Plaintiff gifted the funds for the purchase of the Property to her and Ede as evidenced by the Gift Letter signed by Plaintiff.  Plaintiff contends that there was nothing on what is now claimed to be the “Gift Letter” when she signed it, that it was altered and her initials were forged.

 

On 3/8/22, Plaintiffs Lenore M. Eastabrook and Lukus Eichmann individually, and Lukus Eichmann as co-trustees of the Lenore M. Eastabrook Intervivos Trust Agreement, dated January 26, 1993 filed this action against Defendant and all persons known or unknown, claiming any legal or equitable right, title, estate, lien or interest in the property described in the complaint adverse to plaintiff’s interests, or any cloud on plaintiff’s interests thereto  for: (1) Declaratory Relief, (2) Quiet Title, (3) Fraud (Civil Code 1710), (4) Financial Elder Abuse (Welfare & Institutions Code 15610.30), (5) Fraudulent Inducement and Undue Influence (Probate Code 21380), (6) Double Damages (Probate Code 859) and (7) Costs and Attorney’s Fees (Probate Code 859).

 

On 12/16/22, Defendant filed the instant motion seeking an order granting summary judgment, or in the alternative, summary adjudication against Plaintiffs Lenore M. Eastabrook, individually, and Lukus Eichmann as co-trustees of the Lenore M. Eastabrook Intervivos Trust Agreement, dated January 26, 1993.  Plaintiffs have opposed the motion and Defendant has filed a reply to the opposition. 

 

ANALYSIS

 

Procedural Defects

 

Defendant’s alternative request for summary adjudication is procedurally defective.  CRC 3.1350(b) provides:   

 

“If made in the alternative, a motion for summary adjudication may make reference to and depend on the same evidence submitted in support of the summary judgment motion. If summary adjudication is sought, whether separately or as an alternative to the motion for summary judgment, the specific cause of action, affirmative defense, claims for damages, or issues of duty must be stated specifically in the notice of motion and be repeated, verbatim, in the separate statement of undisputed material facts.” (emphasis added)

 

Here, the notice of motion does not set forth alternative issues for adjudication.  Rather, the notice indicates that “Defendant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law” for 5 reasons.  (See Notice of Motion, p.ii:5-16).  The Separate Statement filed in support of the motion then sets forth 7 issues to be adjudicated.  (See Defendant’s Separate Statement, p.2:7-10, p.9:1-4, p.10:23-26,  p.11:8-12, p.11:21-25, p.12:7-10, p.12:19-22).  As such, even if the 5 reasons set forth in the notice could be considered alternative issues for summary adjudication, they are not repeated “verbatim” in the separate statement through the 7 issues set forth therein.

 

Further confusing matters, in the memorandum of points and authorities in support of the motion, Defendant claims that she is “entitled to summary judgment, or summary adjudication of issues,” but then concludes the  same paragraph by stating that “Defendant is entitled to, and respectfully requests, summary judgment.”  (See Motion, p.2:3-10).  Defendant then sets forth the standard for summary judgment, without mentioning the alternative request for summary adjudication.  (See Motion, p.4:25-p.5:23).

 

Based on the foregoing, the alternative request for summary adjudication is denied.  Therefore, if one triable issue of material fact exists, the entire motion must be denied.  See CRC 3.1350(a)(2); 24 Hour Fitness, Inc. (1998) 66 CA4th 1199, 1215; Versa Technologies, Inc. (1978) 78 CA3d 237, 240.

 

Defendant has also failed to bookmark the exhibits attached to the “Compendium of Exhibits” filed in support of the motion.  See CRC 3.1110(f)(4); (5/3/19 First Amended General Order Re Mandatory Electronic Filing for Civil). 

 

Evidentiary Objections

 

Defendant’s objections (numbers 1-10) to the declaration of Lenore M. Eastabrook are overruled.  It cannot be determined that the statements in the Eastabrook declaration necessarily contradict her prior deposition testimony. 

 

Defendant’s objections (numbers 11-15) to the declaration of Lukus Eichmann are overruled.

 

Defendant’s objections (numbers 16-17) to the declaration of Brian D. Walters are sustained.  However, a copy of portions of the official transcript of Defendant’s deposition are attached as Ex.A to the declaration of Brian D. Walters filed on 5/8/23, along with copies of portions of the official transcript of Plaintiff’s deposition attached as Ex.B.

 

Triable Issues of Material Fact

 

In ruling on a motion for summary judgment, the moving party’s evidence must be strictly construed with any doubts or ambiguities resolved in favor of the responding party.  See D’Amico (1974) 11 C3d 1, 21; Binder (1999) 75 CA4th 832, 839; Aguilar (2001) 25 C4th 826, 843; Johnson (2008) 43 C4th 56, 64; Schachter (2009) 47 C4th 610, 618; Ragland (2012) 209 CA4th 182, 199.    

 

Triable issues of material fact exist as to whether Plaintiff intended her contribution to the purchase of the Property was intended to be a gift to Defendant and Ede or whether Ede along with Defendant defrauded Plaintiff into believing that she would have an ownership interest in the Property.  (See Plaintiff’s Additional Facts (PAF) 23).  A triable issue of material fact exists as to whether Plaintiff was aware that she was signing a “Gift Letter” regarding her contribution and/or whether Plaintiff was aware of and/or authorized changes to such letter.  (PAF 15, 22-24; Plaintiff’s Response to Defendants Facts (PRDF) 19).  Similarly, a triable issue of material fact exists as to whether Plaintiff was aware that escrow was closing on the Property without her having any interest therein.  (PAF 17-21;  PRDF 30).

 

A triable issue of material fact also exists with regard to Defendant’s involvement and knowledge of any plan to defraud Plaintiff into believing that she would have an ownership interest in the Property based on her monetary contribution for the purchase of same.  (PRDF 17; PAF 2, 8).

 

A triable issue also exists with regard to any purported gift given to Defendant.  Probate Code 21380 provides, in relevant part:

 

“(a) A provision of an instrument making a donative transfer to any of the following persons is presumed to be the product of fraud or undue influence:

(1) The person who drafted the instrument.

(2) A person who transcribed the instrument or caused it to be transcribed and who was in a fiduciary relationship with the transferor when the instrument was transcribed.

(3) A care custodian of a transferor who is a dependent adult, but only if the instrument was executed during the period in which the care custodian provided services to the transferor, or within 90 days before or after that period.

(4) A care custodian who commenced a marriage, cohabitation, or domestic partnership with a transferor who is a dependent adult while providing services to that dependent adult, or within 90 days after those services were last provided to the dependent adult, if the donative transfer occurred, or the instrument was executed, less than six months after the marriage, cohabitation, or domestic partnership commenced.

(5) A person who is related by blood or affinity, within the third degree, to any person described in paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive.

(6) A cohabitant or employee of any person described in paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive.”

 

Plaintiff alleges that Defendant and Ede “drafted or caused to be drafted the Grant Deed and transaction documents related to the acquisition of the Property, which acted to defraud Plaintiffs of their rightful interest in the Property.”  (Complaint ¶64).  Defendant has failed to establish that  Probate Code 21382 provides a complete defense to the claim against Defendant because Ede was Plaintiff’s granddaughter and Plaintiff “cohabitated” with both Ede and Defendant at the time.  See Probate Code 21382(a).  A “cohabitant” means “two unrelated adult persons living together for a substantial period of time, resulting in some permanency of relationship. Factors that may determine whether persons are cohabiting include, but are not limited to, (1) sexual relations between the parties while sharing the same living quarters, (2) sharing of income or expenses, (3) joint use or ownership of property, (4) whether the parties hold themselves out as spouses, (5) the continuity of the relationship, and (6) the length of the relationship.”  See Penal Code 13700(b); Probate Code 21364.  A triable issue exists as to whether Plaintiff and Defendant qualified as cohabitants.     

 

CONCLUSION

 

Based on the foregoing, the motion is denied in its entirety.