Judge: Michael E. Whitaker, Case: 20STCV08027, Date: 2022-12-15 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 20STCV08027    Hearing Date: December 15, 2022    Dept: 32

PLEASE NOTE:   Parties are encouraged to meet and confer concerning this tentative ruling to determine if a resolution may be reached.  If the parties are unable to reach a resolution and a party intends to submit on this tentative ruling, the party must send an email to the Court at sscdept32@lacourt.org indicating that party’s intention to submit.  The email shall include the case number, date and time of the hearing, counsel’s contact information (if applicable), and the identity of the party submitting on this tentative ruling.  If the Court does not receive an email indicating the parties are submitting on this tentative ruling and there are no appearances at the hearing, the Court may place the motion off calendar or adopt the tentative ruling as the order of the Court.  If all parties do not submit on this tentative ruling, they should arrange to appear in-person or remotely (which is highly encouraged).  Further, after the Court has posted/issued a tentative ruling, the Court has the inherent authority to prohibit the withdrawal of the subject motion and adopt the tentative ruling as the order of the Court. 

TENTATIVE RULING

MOTIONS

            Defendant Katy Ryan Callas moves to dismiss the complaint of Plaintiff Peggy Frazier Hartman (Plaintiff) as a terminating sanction.  Additionally, Defendant seeks monetary sanctions in connection with the motion.  Plaintiff has not filed an opposition to the motion.   

ANALYSIS

When a party misuses the discovery process by disobeying a court order to provide discovery, the court in its discretion may impose a terminating sanction by striking a party’s pleading or dismissing the action of the party.  (Code Civ. Proc., §§ 2023.010, subd. (g), 2023.030, subds. (d)(1) & (d)(3); 2030.290, subd. (c), 2031.300, subd. (c).) 

California discovery law authorizes a range of penalties for a party's refusal to obey a discovery order, including monetary sanctions, evidentiary sanctions, issue sanctions, and terminating sanctions.  A court has broad discretion in selecting the appropriate penalty, . . . . Despite this broad discretion, the courts have long recognized that the terminating sanction is a drastic penalty and should be used sparingly.  A trial court must be cautious when imposing a terminating sanction because the sanction eliminates a party's fundamental right to a trial, thus implicating due process rights.  The trial court should select a sanction that is tailored to the harm caused by the withheld discovery.  Sanctions should be appropriate to the dereliction, and should not exceed that which is required to protect the interests of the party entitled to but denied discovery.

(Lopez v. Watchtower Bible & Tract Society of New York, Inc. (2016) 246 Cal.App.4th 566, 604 [cleaned up].)  Equally important, “a terminating sanction issued solely because of a failure to pay a monetary discovery sanction is never justified.”  (Newland v. Superior Court (1995) 40 Cal.App.4th 608, 615.)

Here, on September 21 and 22, 2022, the Court ordered Plaintiff to serve verified responses, without objections to Defendant’s requests for production of documents, special interrogatories, and form interrogatories, and to pay monetary sanctions in the amount of $1430 to Defendant within 30 days of notice of the Court’s orders. (See September 21 and 22, 2022 Minute Orders.) Defendant gave Plaintiff notice of the orders on September 22 and 23, 2022, electronically.  Plaintiff thus had until October 13, 2022, to serve responses and pay the monetary sanctions in compliance with the Court’s orders of September 21 and 22, 2022.

As of the filing date of the motion, Plaintiff has not served responses or paid the monetary sanctions.  Plaintiff has thus disobeyed this Court’s orders of September 21 and 22, 2022.  Further, Plaintiff has not opposed the motion, and has thus waived the right to argue that a terminating sanction is unwarranted.  (Sexton v. Superior Court (1997) 58 Cal.App.4th 1403, 1410.) 

CONCLUSION AND ORDER

Therefore, the Court grants Defendant’s motions for a terminating sanction, and dismisses Plaintiff’s action against Defendant without prejudice.  With the dismissal of the action in favor of Defendant, the Court finds the imposition of monetary sanctions to be moot. 

Defendant shall provide notice of this Court’s ruling and file a proof of service of such.