Judge: Michael E. Whitaker, Case: 24SMCV00570, Date: 2025-05-12 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 24SMCV00570    Hearing Date: May 12, 2025    Dept: 207

TENTATIVE RULING

 

DEPARTMENT          207

HEARING DATE       May 12, 2025

CASE NUMBER        24SMCV00570

MOTION                    Motion to Set Aside Entry of Default and Default Judgment

MOVING PARTY      Defendants Leodegario Ahuatzi Quintero and Ahuatzi Produce Inc.

OPPOSING PARTY   none

 

MOTION

 

On February 7, 2024, Plaintiff Tamara Wofford (“Plaintiff”) brought suit against Defendants Leodegario Ahuatzi Quintero and Ahuatzi Produce Inc. (“Defendants”) alleging a single cause of action for negligence, arising from a vehicle collision between the parties’ vehicles. 

 

Default was entered against Defendants on June 4, 2024 and default judgment was entered against Defendants on August 1, 2024.

 

Defendants now move to set aside/vacate the default and default judgment.  The motion is unopposed.

 

LEGAL STANDARD

 

                          I.          DISCRETIONARY AND MANDATORY RELIEF

 

“Proceeding to judgment in the absence of a party is an extraordinary and disfavored practice in Anglo–American jurisprudence:  The policy of the law is to have every litigated case tried upon its merits, and it looks with disfavor upon a party, who, regardless of the merits of the case, attempts to take advantage of the mistake, surprise, inadvertence, or neglect of his adversary.”  (Au-Yang v. Barton (1999) 21 Cal.4th 958, 963 [cleaned up].) 

 

Code of Civil procedure section 473 “includes a discretionary provision, which applies permissively, and a mandatory provision, which applies as of right.” (Minick v. City of Petaluma (2016) 3 Cal.App.5th 15, 25 (hereafter Minick).)  “Section 473 is a remedial statute to be “applied liberally” in favor of relief if the opposing party will not suffer prejudice.  Because the law strongly favors trial and disposition on the merits, any doubts in applying section 473 must be resolved in favor of the party seeking relief from default.  Unless inexcusable neglect is clear, the policy favoring trial on the merits prevails.”  (Minick, supra, 3 Cal.App.5th at p. 24 [cleaned up].) 

 

The party or the legal representative must seek such relief “within a reasonable time, in no case exceeding six months, after the judgment, dismissal, order, or proceeding was taken.” (Code Civ. Proc., § 473, subd. (b); see Rappleyea v. Campbell (1994) 8 Cal.4th 975, 980 [“because more than six months had elapsed from the entry of default, and hence relief under section 473 was unavailable”]; People v. The North River Ins. Co. (2011) 200 Ca.App.4th 712, 721 [motion for relief under section 473 must be brought “within a reasonable time, in no case exceeding six months”]).  “The six-month limit is mandatory; a court has no authority to grant relief under section 473, subdivision (b), unless an application is made within the six-month period.”  (Arambula v. Union Carbide Corp. (2005) 128 Cal.App.4th 333, 340, citations omitted.) 

 

A.    DISCRETIONARY RELIEF

 

Per Code of Civil Procedure section 473, subdivision (b), a court may “relieve a party or his or her legal representative from a judgment, dismissal, order, or other proceeding taken against him or her through his or her mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.”

 

B.    MANDATORY RELIEF

 

Notwithstanding any other requirements of this section, the court shall, whenever an application for relief is made no more than six months after entry of judgment, is in proper form, and is accompanied by an attorney's sworn affidavit attesting to his or her mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or neglect, vacate any (1) resulting default entered by the clerk against his or her client, and which will result in entry of a default judgment, or (2) resulting default judgment or dismissal entered against his or her client, unless the court finds that the default or dismissal was not in fact caused by the attorney's mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or neglect.

 

(Code Civ. Proc., § 473, subd. (b).)  “In considering whether the trial court properly denied relief under section 473(b), the first question is the sufficiency of defendants' showing of attorney fault, if believed, to trigger the mandatory relief provisions of that statute.”  (Standard Microsystems Corp. v. Winbond Electronics Corp. (2009) 179 Cal.App.4th 868, 896, disapproved on other grounds by Even Zohar Construction & Remodeling, Inc. v. Bellaire Townhouses, LLC (2015) 61 Cal.4th 830 (hereafter Standard).)  “Under section 473(b), a party is entitled to relief from a default and resulting judgment whenever, on timely application for relief, his attorney ‘attest[s] to his or her mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or neglect’ in connection with the default or the judgment.”  (Ibid.) 

 

ANALYSIS

 

            As a threshold matter, a moving party must file and serve all moving papers at least 16 court days prior to the hearing.  (Code Civ. Proc., § 1005, subd. (b).)  Here, there is no proof of service indicating that Defendants served their motion papers on Plaintiff.

 

CONCLUSION

 

            Therefore, in lieu of denying the motion, the Court continues the hearing to July 7, 2025 at 8:30 AM in Department 207 to enable Defendants to effectuate service and file the proof of service.   The proof of service shall be filed no later than June 23, 2025.

 

            Defendants shall also provide notice of the Court’s order and file the notice with a proof of service forthwith.

 

 

 

DATED: May 12, 2025                                                          ___________________________

Michael E. Whitaker

                                                                                          Judge of the Superior Court





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