Judge: Michael Shultz, Case: 25STCV02449, Date: 2025-04-04 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 25STCV02449    Hearing Date: April 4, 2025    Dept: 40

25STCV02449 Allofit, Inc v. Domo Manufacturing and Contracting, LLC

Friday, April 4, 2025

 

[TENTATIVE] ORDER DENYING DEFENDANT’S MOTION FOR AN ORDER REQUIRING PLAINTIFF, A FOREIGN CORPORATION, TO FILE AN UNDERTAKING TO SECURE COSTS AND ATTORNEY’S FEES THAT MAY BE AWARDED TO DEFENDANT

 

                                                                                              I.         BACKGROUND

      Plaintiff alleges that Defendant, Domo Manufacturing and Contracting, LLC (“Defendant) or “Domo”) sought vendors to manufacture and source various furniture, fixtures, and equipment for the interiors of 300 prefabricated apartment units that Defendant intended to make (the “Project”). Defendant contracted with Plaintiff to provide molds, fixtures, products, and hardware for the project’s bathrooms and provided other interior designs. Defendant allegedly failed to uphold its obligations under the contract. Plaintiff alleges claims for fraud and breach of contract.  

                                                                                               II.        ARGUMENTS

      Defendant argues that Plaintiff is a Delaware corporation. Foreign corporations may be required to post an undertaking as security for costs and attorney’s fees incurred by Defendant to defend the action since there is a reasonable possibility that Defendant will prevail. The court should order Plaintiff to post an undertaking of $182,260 in 30 days.

      In opposition, Plaintiff states does not dispute it is a foreign corporation, however, Defendant made the same argument in an adversarial action in the bankruptcy court which the bankruptcy court rejected. Defendant has not met its burden of showing a reasonable probability of prevailing. Defendant must also establish that Plaintiff does not have sufficient means to satisfy a potential award of fees and costs. Plaintiff objects to the declaration submitted by Defendant since it is hearsay. The claimed fees and costs are outrageous.

      In reply, Defendant argues that Plaintiff did not request judicial notice of court records in the Florida bankruptcy action. The transcript submitted is not signed and is uncertified. The bankruptcy action is not applicable nor binding in this action. Plaintiff does not cite any authority in opposition to the motion.

 

 

                                                                                       III.       LEGAL STANDARDS

      The court has discretion to require a nonresident or foreign plaintiff to post a bond to secure a defendant’s reasonable attorney’s fees and costs if a defendant can show a reasonable probability of prevailing on the merits. (Code Civ. Proc., § 1030 subd. (b).) Defendant shall set forth the nature and amount of costs defendant has incurred and expects to incur by the end of the proceeding. (Code Civ. Proc., § 1030 subd. b). The purpose of the statute is to protect California residents "in light of the difficulty of enforcing a judgment for costs against a person who is not within the court's jurisdiction.” (Yao v. Superior Court (2002) 104 Cal.App.4th 327, 331.)

      In meeting its burden, the moving party must "present the best evidence available to divine the possible outcome of the trial de novo, which is all that section 1030, subdivision (a) of the Code of Civil Procedure requires.” (Shannon v. Sims Service Center, Inc. (1985) 164 Cal.App.3d 907, 914.)

                                                                                                IV.       DISCUSSION

A.     Objections.

1)     Plaintiff’s objections to the Declaration of Edward Kaen, Defendant’s manager.

            All objections are sustained for lack of foundation and hearsay. Mr. Kaen purports to be Defendant’s manager and custodian of records. The only document submitted as evidence is the parties’ contract and addendum, the existence of which is not in dispute. (Kaen Decl., Ex. A.)  The declaration otherwise recounts representations made during negotiations between Robert Mayer, Plaintiff’s principal, and “Domo” although Domo’s representatives are not identified. (Kaen decl., ¶ 8, 18.) Mr. Kaen attests to the representations Domo apparently relied on and representations made by Mr. Mayer, which is speculative and hearsay, respectively. (Id. at ¶ 8.) The effect of the contract is a legal conclusion. (Id. at ¶ 9.)  Mr. Kaen attests to conduct evidenced by invoices, none of which are provided. (Id. at ¶¶ 10 -13.) Subsequent agreements made between Mr. Mayer and Domo lack foundation and are hearsay. (Id.)

       Mr. Kaen has no basis for determining what Domo was “led to believe” based on statements made by others. (Id. at ¶ 14.) Mr. Kaen attests to the meetings with Defendant’s representatives, none of whom are identified; expectations of other parties lack foundation (Id. at ¶ 15); assertions based on information and belief are not admissible (Id. at ¶ 16); Mr. Kaen refers to emails, none of which are submitted and are hearsay. (Id. at ¶ 17). The assertion that Domo did not deceive Plaintiff is a legal conclusion unsupported by any evidence. (¶ 19, 21.)  “Delay and damages” purportedly incurred by Domo lacks foundation and is hearsay. (¶ 20-21.). Plaintiff’s failure to fulfill its obligations is a legal conclusion. (¶ 21-22.)

2)     Defendant’s objections.

            Objections to the declaration of Robert Mayer are sustained for lack of foundation and hearsay. Mr. Mayer’s declaration is equally infirm as it is a rolling narrative of statements made by others, other parties’ beliefs and expectations, and purports to explain the effect and impact of the parties’ agreement which are legal conclusions.

            The court sustains objection to a trial transcript in a bankruptcy court action, Case No. 23-1212-EPK In Re: Robert Howard Mayer. (Mayer Decl., Ex.  A.) The transcript is not certified and is inadmissible hearsay.

B.     Defendant has not met its burden in the first instance.

      The parties do not dispute the first element, which is that Plaintiff is a nonresident of California. However, Defendant did not meet the second element of showing a probability of prevailing on the merits. The Kaen declaration is inadmissible for reasons explained above.  

                                                                                               V.        CONCLUSION

      Based on the foregoing, Defendant’s motion is DENIED.