Judge: Theresa M. Traber, Case: 19STCV16203, Date: 2023-02-14 Tentative Ruling
Case Number: 19STCV16203 Hearing Date: February 14, 2023 Dept: 47
Tentative
Ruling
Judge Theresa M. Traber, Department 47
HEARING DATE: February 14, 2023 Verdict
Returned: August 5, 2022
CASE: Colin McClintock v. Henry George Brennan
et al.
CASE NO.: 19STCV16203 Consolidated with 20STCV01975
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MOTION FOR PREJUDGMENT INTEREST
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MOVING PARTY: Plaintiff Colin McClintock
RESPONDING PARTY(S): Defendant Lisa Brennan
CASE HISTORY:
STATEMENT OF MATERIAL FACTS AND/OR
PROCEEDINGS:
Plaintiff
alleged that Defendant engaged in elder abuse by inducing Plaintiff’s father to
make Defendant the sole beneficiary of a $200,000 life insurance policy.
Plaintiff
now moves for an award of prejudgment interest to the Estate of Decedent Robert
Alexander McClintock, Jr. against Defendant Lisa Brennan.
TENTATIVE RULING:
Plaintiff’s Motion for an Award of Prejudgment
Interest to the Estate of Robert Alexander McClintock Jr. is GRANTED.
DISCUSSION
Plaintiff seeks an award of prejudgment interest to
the Estate of Decedent Robert Alexander McClintock, Jr.
//
Defective Proof of Service
Plaintiff’s proof of service, attached to the moving
papers, does not provide the date this motion was served on Defendants.
Although the proof of service states that it was served in January 2023, it
does not provide an exact date. (See POS.) Plaintiff has therefore not
demonstrated proper service of this motion. However, as Defendant has not
objected to the motion on this basis, the Court will overlook this defect and address
the motion on its merits.
Analysis
Plaintiff seeks an award of prejudgment interest to
the Estate of Decedent Robert Alexander McClintock, Jr pursuant to Civil Code section 3287(a).
(a) Every
person who is entitled to recover damages certain, or capable of being made
certain by calculation, and the right to recover which is vested in him
upon a particular day, is entitled also to recover interest thereon from
that day, except during such time as the debtor is prevented by law, or by the
act of the creditor from paying the debt. This section is applicable to
recovery of damages and interest from any such debtor, including the state or
any county, city, city and county, municipal corporation, public district, public
agency, or any political subdivision of the state.
(Civ. Code § 3287(a), bold emphasis added.)
The case
law interpreting Civil Code section 3287 provides some guidance to its
application . . . . As discussed above, "[t]he policy underlying authorization
of an award of prejudgment interest is to compensate the injured party--to make
that party whole for the accrual of wealth which could have been produced
during the period of loss. [Citations.]" (Citation omitted.)
The court
in Cassinos also said: "The test for recovery of prejudgment
interest under [Civil Code] section 3287, subdivision (a) is whether
defendant actually know[s] the amount owed or from reasonably available
information could the defendant have computed that amount. [Citation.
(Citations omitted.) "The statute [Civil Code section 3287] does not
authorize prejudgment interest where the amount of damage, as opposed to
the determination¿of liability, 'depends upon a judicial determination based
upon conflicting evidence and is not ascertainable from truthful data supplied
by the claimant to his debtor.' [Citations.]" ( Citation omitted.)
Thus, where the amount of damages cannot be resolved except by verdict or
judgment, prejudgment interest is not appropriate. (Citation omitted.)
(Wisper Corp. v. Cal. Commerce Bank (1996) 49
Cal.App.4th 948, 960, bold emphasis and underlining added.)
Plaintiff argues that the amount of
damages was calculable because the underlying AAA Life Insurance policy was
worth $200,000, and, thus, implicitly, Defendant was able to calculate the
maximum award that could have been made as the requested remedy was disgorgement
of the proceeds from the policy. Plaintiff states that the interest rate on the
award is 7 percent per annum, pursuant to Article XV, section 1 of the
California Constitution and Children’s Hosp. & Med. Center v. Bonta
(2002) 97 Cal.App.4th 740, 775. Plaintiff requests, on behalf of the estate, a
pro-rata share of the 7% per annum interest based on the total $200,000 award
beginning October 18, 2018 through the date of judgment. As the Estate has been
awarded $165,000 out of the total $200,000 award, Plaintiff therefore requests,
for the Estate, 82.5% of the total interest. As judgment has not yet been
entered, the amount of prejudgment interest is not yet fixed.
In
opposition, Defendant argues that Plaintiff waived the right to collect prejudgment
interest on behalf of the estate, because Plaintiff did not specifically move
for such an award when Plaintiff sought prejudgment interest for himself. This
argument is not well-taken.
“[T]here is no authority mandating any
particular procedure for securing an award of prejudgment interest.” (North
Oakland Medical Clinic v. Rogers (1998) 65 Cal.App.4th 824, 829.) “[N]o
statute or rule of court establishes a procedure for requesting an award of
prejudgment interest, or a time limit therefor, in the superior court.” (Id.
at pp. 829-830.) Nevertheless, a party must make a reasonably timely request
for prejudgment interest. “[P]rejudgment interest is not a cost, but an element
of damages,” and therefore “prejudgment interest should be awarded in the
judgment on the basis of a specific request therefor made before entry of
judgment.” (Id. at p. 830.) Consistent
with this standard, Plaintiff here has requested prejudgment interest before
entry of judgment.
Nor
is there a basis for finding that Plaintiff waived the right to prejudgment
interest. As stated in the authorities
cited by Defendant, waiver is an intentional relinquishment of a known right
after knowledge of the facts. (Waller v. Truck Ins. Exch. Inc. (1995) 11
Cal.4th 1, 31-32.) Waiver may be implied from conduct which inferentially
manifests an intention to waive. (See, e.g., Hohnson v. Kaeser, (1925)
196 Cal.686, 698.) Here, however, Plaintiff made extensive references to prejudgment
interest on behalf of the estate in the previous motion. (See, generally, December
8, 2022 Motion for Prejudgment Interest.) The Court declined to address the
issue in its ruling on that motion because Plaintiff had not properly stated a
request for that award in his Notice of Motion. (January 16, 2023 Minute
Order.) The Court cannot conclude, based on these facts, that Plaintiff’s
conduct warrants an inference that Plaintiff intended to waive any claim to
prejudgment interest for the Estate. In fact, Plaintiff’s previous motion
invites the opposite conclusion. The Court therefore finds that Plaintiff has
not waived any claims for prejudgment interest on behalf of the Estate.
Defendant also challenges the request for
prejudgment interest on the grounds that the Estate’s damages were not certain
or capable of being made certain until a judicial determination was made based
on conflicting evidence. Defendant maintains the objections raised in opposition
to the previous motion for prejudgment interest. However, Defendant states that
she “under-stands the Court will likely apply the analysis under Section 3287
equally to the $165,000 portion awarded to the estate.” (Opposition p. 1 fn.1.)
Defendant is correct. As stated previously, the Court’s view is that apportionment
of an award between Plaintiff and the Estate is distinct from a factual determination
of the apportionment of comparative fault that alters the amount for which the
defendant would be liable. Considering the rule that “certainty” regarding prejudgment
interest is broadly construed (see Chesapeake Industries Inc. v. Togoya
Enterprises, Inc. (1983) 149 Cal.App.3d 901, 907), the Court concludes,
based on the fixed value of the policy, that the potential damages were certain
insofar as they could be computed under the policy. The Court therefore finds
that Plaintiff is entitled to prejudgment interest under section 3287(a).
CONCLUSION
Accordingly, Plaintiff’s Motion for
an Award of Prejudgment Interest to the Estate of Robert Alexander McClintock
Jr. is GRANTED.
Moving party to give notice.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Dated: February 14, 2023 ___________________________________
Theresa
M. Traber
Judge
of the Superior Court
Any party may submit on the
tentative ruling by contacting the courtroom via email at Smcdept47@lacourt.org by no later than 4:00 p.m. the day
before the hearing. All interested parties must be copied on the
email. It should be noted that if you submit on a tentative ruling
the court will still conduct a hearing if any party appears. By submitting on
the tentative you have, in essence, waived your right to be present at the
hearing, and you should be aware that the court may not adopt the tentative,
and may issue an order which modifies the tentative ruling in whole or in part.