Judge: Wesley L. Hsu, Case: 22STCV01107, Date: 2023-03-29 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 22STCV01107    Hearing Date: March 29, 2023    Dept: L

Plaintiff Zhou’s Investment & Management, Inc. dba The Noodle’s Motion to Consolidate Actions is DENIED.

 

Background   

 

Case No. 22PSCV01107

 

Plaintiff Zhou’s Investment & Management, Inc. dba The Noodle (“Zhou”) alleges as follows:

On September 13, 2011, Zhou and Defendant U.N.T. Atia Co II (“U.N.T.”) entered into a

Shopping Center Lease Agreement (“Lease Agreement”) whereby Zhou leased from U.N.T. the

premises known as 19755 E. Colima Road #C, Rowland Heights, CA 91748 (“subject

property”). In or about 2012 and 2013, the parties agreed to have Zhou advance $70,000 to pay 

for repair and installation of common space walkway and an oil tank, and that U.N.T. would later

reimburse Zhou, with interest. Defendant Great New World Equity LLC (“GNWE”) is U.N.T.’s

successor-in-interest. In March 2021, Zhou noticed that the subject property’s roof was

leaking. Zhou has asked that the roof be repaired, without success. On March 7, 2021, Zhou

demanded payment of the advanced $70,000 plus interest. It was subsequently agreed, via a

written memorialization dated March 8, 2021, that the monies owed were to offset Zhou’s rental

obligations. Zhou has been paying rent in accordance with this compromise ever since.

On September 23, 2022, Zhou received a Three-Day Notice to Pay Rent or Quit, which was

made in retaliation for Zhou’s repeated requests that the roof be repaired.

 

On October 5, 2022, Zhou filed a First Amended Complaint (“FAC”), asserting causes of action

against U.N.T., GNWE and Does 1-10 for:

 

1.      Breach of Written Agreement

2.      Declaratory Relief

 

On October 17, 2022, Case Nos. 22PSCV01107 and 22PSCV01124 were related; Case No. 22PSCV01107 was deemed the lead case.

 

On October 28, 2022, Zhou dismissed U.N.T., without prejudice.

 

A Case Management Conference is set for March 29, 2023.

 

Case No. 22PSCV01124

 

This is an unlawful detainer action involving the premises located at 19755 E. Colima Road #C, Rowland Heights, CA 91748 (“subject property”). On September 29, 2022, Plaintiff GNWE filed a complaint, asserting a cause of action against Zhou for:

 

1.      Unlawful Detainer

 

Again, on October 17, 2022, Case Nos. 22PSCV01107 and 22PSCV01124 were related; Case No. 22PSCV01107 was deemed the lead case.

 

A Case Management Conference is set for March 29, 2023.

 

Legal Standard

 

 “When actions involving a common question of law or fact are pending before the court, it may order a joint hearing or trial of any or all the matters in issue in the actions; it may order all the actions consolidated and it may make such orders concerning proceedings therein as may tend to avoid unnecessary costs or delay.” (Code Civ. Proc., § 1048, subd. (a).)

 

“The purpose of consolidation is merely to promote trial convenience and economy by avoiding duplication of procedure, particularly in the proof of issues common to both actions.” (Estate of Baker (1982) 131 Cal.App.3d 471, 485 [quotation marks and citation omitted].)

 

“There are two types of consolidation: a complete consolidation resulting in a single action, and a consolidation of separate actions for trial. Under the former procedure, which may be utilized where the parties are identical and the causes could have been joined, the pleadings are regarded as merged, one set of findings is made, and one judgment is rendered. In a consolidation for trial, the pleadings, verdicts, findings and judgments are kept separate; the actions are simply tried together for the sake of convenience and judicial economy.” (Sanchez v. Superior Court (1988) 203 Cal.App.3d 1391, 1396 [citation omitted].)

 

“Consolidation under section 1048 is permissive, and the trial court granting consolidation must determine whether the consolidation will be for all purposes or will be limited.” (Committee for Responsible Planning v. City of Indian Wells (1990) 225 Cal.App.3d 191, 196, fn. 5.)

 

“A notice of motion to consolidate must: (A) List all named parties in each case, the names of those who have appeared, and the names of their respective attorneys of record; (B) Contain the captions of all the cases sought to be consolidated, with the lowest numbered case shown first; and (C) Be filed in each case sought to be consolidated.” (California Rules of Court [“CRC”] Rule 3.350(a)(1).) “The motion to consolidate: (A) Is deemed a single motion for the purpose of determining the appropriate filing fee, but memorandums, declarations, and other supporting papers must be filed only in the lowest numbered case; (B) Must be served on all attorneys of record and all nonrepresented parties in all of the cases sought to be consolidated; and (C) Must have a proof of service filed as part of the motion.” (CRC Rule 3.350(b).)

 

Discussion

 

Zhou moves for an order consolidating Case Nos. 22PSCV01107 and 22PSCV01124.

 

The motion is denied.

 

“In unlawful detainer proceedings, ordinarily the only triable issue is the right to possession of the disputed premises, along with incidental damages resulting from the unlawful detention. Ordinarily, issues respecting the title to the property cannot be adjudicated in an unlawful detainer action.” (Martin-Bragg v. Moore (2013) 219 Cal.App.4th 367, 385 [citations omitted].)

“The denial of certain procedural rights enjoyed by litigants in ordinary actions is deemed necessary in order to prevent frustration of the summary proceedings by the introduction of delays and extraneous issues.” (Id. [citations omitted].)

 

“However, the trial court has the power to consolidate an unlawful detainer proceeding with a simultaneously pending action in which title to the property is in issue. That is because a successful claim of title by the tenant would defeat the landlord's right to possession.” (Id. [citation omitted].) “When an unlawful detainer proceeding and an unlimited action concerning title to the property are simultaneously pending, the trial court in which the unlimited action is pending may stay the unlawful detainer action until the issue of title is resolved in the unlimited action, or it may consolidate the actions.” (Id. [citation omitted].)

 

On October 5, 2022, Zhou filed a FAC in Case No. 22PSCV01107 against U.N.T. and GNWE

for (1) Breach of Written Agreement and (2) Declaratory Relief. U.N.T. has since been

dismissed. Zhou alleges therein that it entered into a Shopping Center Lease Agreement (“Lease

Agreement”) with U.N.T. on September 13, 2011, whereby Zhou leased from U.N.T. (i.e.,

GNWE’s predecessor-in-interest) the premises known as 19755 E. Colima Road #C, Rowland

Heights, CA 91748 (“subject property”); that, in or about 2012 and 2013, the parties agreed to

have Zhou advance $70,000 to pay for repair and installation of common space walkway and an

oil tank, and that U.N.T. would later reimburse Zhou, with interest; that, in March 2021, Zhou

unsuccessfully asked that the subject property’s roof be repaired; that, on March 7, 2021, Zhou

demanded payment of the advanced $70,000 plus interest; that was subsequently agreed, via a

written memorialization dated March 8, 2021, that the monies owed were to offset Zhou’s rental

obligations; that Zhou has been paying rent in accordance with this compromise ever since; and

that on September 23, 2022, Zhou received a Three-Day Notice to Pay Rent or Quit, which was

made in retaliation for Zhou’s repeated requests that the roof be repaired.

 

On September 29, 2022, GNWE filed a complaint in Case No. 22PSCV01124, asserting a cause of action against Zhou for Unlawful Detainer of the subject property. GNWE alleges therein that Zhou owes GNWE $90,190.97 in past due rent and that it is entitled to possession of the subject property. On October 14, 2022, Zhou filed its answer, asserting offset as an affirmative defense.

 

Zhou asserts that the aforesaid actions involve the same parties and common questions of fact

and law, with nearly identical causes of action and allegations. Zhou asserts that Case No. 22PSCV01124’s claims overlap with the claims in Case No. 22PSCV01107, in that Case No. 22PSCV01124 is for unlawful detainer based on alleged past due rent of $90,190.97.

 

The court, however, agrees with GNWE’s position that “unlawful detainers were designed to provide a speedy recovery by limiting the issues to be tried only to the right of possession,” that the offset defense “should be tried as part of the UD,” that once the offset issue has been decided, the FAC in Case No. 22PSCV01107 “will be streamlined” to pertain to the failure to perform roof repairs and that “the expedient nature of unlawful detainer actions would be circumvented.” (Opp., 2:11-12 and 2:15-18.) This is not an instance where the parties are litigating their rights to title and that right has a direct bearing on possession, as in Martin-Bragg.