Judge: William A. Crowfoot, Case: 20STCV12632, Date: 2022-12-22 Tentative Ruling

Case Number: 20STCV12632    Hearing Date: December 22, 2022    Dept: 27

SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

FOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES - CENTRAL DISTRICT

 

MARITZA LOPEZ,

 

                   Plaintiff(s),

          vs.

 

CULICHI TOWN,

 

                   Defendant(s).

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      CASE NO.: 20STCV12632

 

[TENTATIVE] ORDER RE: PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR TERMINATING SANCTIONS; PLAINTIFF’S MOTION TO CONTINUE TRIAL

 

Dept. 27

1:30 p.m.

December 22, 2022

 

On April 1, 2020, plaintiff Maritza Lopez (“Plaintiff”) filed this action against defendant Culichi Town (“Defendant”) arising from a slip and fall.  On November 15, 2022, Plaintiff filed this motion for terminating sanctions against Defendant on the grounds that it has refused to produce a person most knowledgeable (“PMK”) for deposition.  On November 15, 2022, Plaintiff also filed a motion to compel the PMK deposition which is currently set for hearing on March 14, 2023.  On November 30, 2022, Plaintiff filed a motion to continue the trial date, which is currently set for January 12, 2023.  This tentative addresses Plaintiff’s motion for terminating sanctions and Plaintiff’s motion for a trial continuance and continuance of all related dates including the discovery cut-off. 

Terminating Sanctions

Where a party fails to obey an order compelling answers to discovery, “the court may make those orders that are just, including the imposition of an issue sanction, an evidence sanction, or a terminating sanction.”  (Code Civ. Proc., §§ 2030.290, subd. (c), 2023.010, subd. (c); R.S. Creative, Inc. v. Creative Cotton, Ltd. (1999) 75 Cal.App.4th 486, 495.)  The Court may impose a terminating sanction against anyone engaging in conduct that is a misuse of the discovery process.  (Code Civ. Proc., § 2023.030, subd. (d).)  Misuse of the discovery process includes failure to respond to an authorized method of discovery or disobeying a court order to provide discovery.  (Code Civ. Proc., § 2023.010, subds. (d), (g).)  A terminating sanction may be imposed by an order dismissing part or all of the action.  (Code Civ. Proc., § 2023.030, subd. (d)(3).) 

Plaintiff does not identify any discovery order that Defendant has failed to obey or underlying discovery statutes that authorize monetary sanctions other than Code of Civil Procedure sections 2023.010 and 2023.030.  The court of appeals recently held that Code of Civil Procedure sections 2023.010 and 2023.030 are not standalone statutes and do not independently authorize a trial court to impose sanctions for the misuse of discovery.  (City of Los Angeles v. PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLC (2022) 84 Cal.App.5th 466.) 

Accordingly, Plaintiff’s motion for terminating sanctions is DENIED. 

 

          Continue Trial

Plaintiff also requests an order continuing the trial date, currently scheduled for January 12, 2023, and all related deadlines. 

The trial court has discretion to continue trial dates. (Hernandez v. Superior Court (2004) 115 Cal.App.4th 1242, 1246.) Each request for continuance must be considered on its own merits and is granted upon an affirmative showing of good cause. (Cal. Rules of Court, rule 3.1332(c); Hernandez, supra, 115 Cal.App.4th at 1246.) Circumstances that may indicate good cause include: (1) the unavailability of an essential lay or expert witness due to death, illness, or other excusable circumstances; (2) the unavailability of a party due to death, illness, or other excusable circumstances; (3) the unavailability of trial counsel due to death, illness, or other excusable circumstances; (4) the substitution of trial counsel where there is an affirmative showing that the substitution is required in the interests of justice; (5) the addition of a new party if (A) the new party has not had a reasonable opportunity to conduct discovery and prepare for trial, or (B) the other parties have not had a reasonable opportunity to conduct discovery and prepare for trial in regard to the new party’s involvement in the case; (6) a party’s excused inability to obtain essential testimony, documents, or other material evidence despite diligent efforts; or (7) a significant, unanticipated change in the status of the case as a result of which the case is not ready for trial. (Cal. Rules of Court, rule 3.1332(c).)

The court must also consider such relevant factors as: (1) the proximity of the trial date; (2) whether there was any previous continuance, extension of time, or delay of trial caused by any party; (3) the length of the continuance requested; (4) the availability of alternative means to address the problem that gave rise to the motion or application for a continuance; (5) the prejudice that parties or witnesses will suffer as a result of the continuance; (6) if the case is entitled to a preferential trial setting, the reasons for that status and whether the need for a continuance outweighs the need to avoid delay; (7) the court’s calendar and the impact of granting a continuance on other pending trials; (8) whether trial counsel is engaged in another trial; (9) whether all parties have stipulated to a continuance; (10) whether the interests of justice are best served by a continuance, by the trial of the matter, or by imposing conditions on the continuance; and (11) any other fact or circumstance relevant to the fair determination of the motion or application. (Id., rule 3.1332(d).)

On motion of any party, the court may grant leave to complete discovery proceedings, or to have a motion concerning discovery heard, closer to the initial trial date, or to reopen discovery after a new trial date has been set.  This motion shall be accompanied by a meet and confer declaration demonstrating a good faith effort at informal resolution.  (Code Civ. Proc., § 2024.050, subd. (a).)  The court shall take into consideration any matter relevant to the leave requested, including, but not limited to: (1) the necessity and the reasons for the discovery, (2) the diligence or lack of diligence of the party seeking the discovery or the hearing of a discovery motion, and the reasons that the discovery was not completed or that the discovery motion was not heard earlier, (3) any likelihood that permitting the discovery or hearing the discovery motion will prevent the case from going to trial on the date set, or otherwise interfere with the trial calendar, or result in prejudice to any other party, and (4) the length of time that has elapsed between any date previously set, and the date presently set, for the trial of the action.”  (Code Civ. Proc., § 2024.050, subd. (b).)

Plaintiff argues that a continuance is necessary so that her motion to compel the deposition of Defendant’s PMK may be heard and the deposition can proceed.  Plaintiff claims Defendant has failed to cooperate with the discovery process by refusing to produce a witness or meet and confer.  Plaintiff has attempted to schedule this deposition of Defendant’s PMK since November 2021, but defense counsel has refused to provide dates and then unjustifiably refused to produce a witness when Plaintiff noticed the deposition for November 3, 2022 on the grounds that the deposition date was after the discovery cutoff date, even though the actual discovery cutoff date was November 7, 2022.  On November 15, 2022, Plaintiff filed a motion to compel the deposition of Defendant’s PMK.  The motion is scheduled to be heard on March 14, 2023. 

Given Plaintiff’s failed attempts to obtain discovery, the Court finds that a continuance is necessary so that Plaintiff may an obtain an order compelling Defendant to produce their PMK. 

Plaintiff’s unopposed motion is GRANTED.  Trial is continued from January 12, 2023 to May 1, 2023 at 8:30 a.m. in Department 27.  The final status conference is continued from December 29, 2022 to April 17, 2023 at 10:00 a.m. in Department 27.  All pretrial deadlines including discovery and motion cut-off dates are to be based on the new trial date.   Moving party to give notice.

 

Parties who intend to submit on this tentative must send an email to the Court at SSCDEPT27@lacourt.org indicating intention to submit on the tentative as directed by the instructions provided on the court website at www.lacourt.org.  Please be advised that if you submit on the tentative and elect not to appear at the hearing, the opposing party may nevertheless appear at the hearing and argue the matter.  Unless you receive a submission from all other parties in the matter, you should assume that others might appear at the hearing to argue.  If the Court does not receive emails from the parties indicating submission on this tentative ruling and there are no appearances at the hearing, the Court may, at its discretion, adopt the tentative as the final order or place the motion off calendar.